Numerical models are widely used for the prediction of stress and strains that the materials undergo in extrusion processes. These factors affect the quality of the extruded product as well as the speed of production process. Due to its meshless nature, the smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is capable of simulating processes where severe deformations occur. Therefore, it is highly suitable for modeling of extrusion processes. In this study, the SPH method is used for the simulation of extrusion processes for two different geometries of the die cross section. For all cases, a parametric analysis on friction was conducted and the influence on the strain fields as well as the extrusion forces was investigated. Also, in order to calibrate the models to predict the experimental forces, it was necessary to use different friction coefficients for the die and the container section. The SPH method modeled accurately the influence of each section’s frictional forces on the strain field and extrusion forces. Furthermore, the calibrated models were able to capture the experimental data with a 10% accuracy for a range of different values for the initial billet temperature and ram speed.

数值模型广泛用于预测材料在挤压过程中所承受的应力和应变。这些因素影响挤压产品的质量以及生产过程的速度。由于其无网格特性，光滑粒子流体动力学 (SPH) 方法能够模拟发生严重变形的过程。因此，它非常适用于挤压过程的建模。在本研究中，SPH 方法用于模拟两种不同几何形状的模具横截面的挤出过程。对于所有情况，都进行了摩擦参数分析，并研究了对应变场和挤压力的影响。此外，为了校准模型以预测实验力，有必要对模具和容器部分使用不同的摩擦系数。SPH 方法准确地模拟了每个部分的摩擦力对应变场和挤压力的影响。此外，校准模型能够以 10% 的精度捕获初始钢坯温度和冲压速度的一系列不同值的实验数据。