By sharing resources with each other, different cloud providers in a cloud federation can exploit their diversity in resource configuration and operational cost so as to improve service performance. They should consider the strategy of resource pricing, job scheduling and server provisioning altogether to maximize their own interests. On the other hand, they need to efficiently trade the resources with a suitable mechanism, typically auction, so as to guarantee the participants’ profits. Nevertheless, in consideration of the heterogeneous execution times of jobs, both the pricing strategy and trading mechanism should be delicately designed, which is obviously a challenging task. In this paper, we firstly propose a truthful, individual-rational and ex-post budget-balanced auction mechanism for selecting pairs of buyer and seller winners to trade virtual machines for different durations. Then, to maximize the individual profits, we propose a dynamic resource bidding scheme and a job scheduling strategy based on our importance model of jobs with heterogeneous execution times and resource requirements. The simulation results show that, compared with existing ones, our design can better handle varieties of both execution time and resource requirement and make the participants obtain more individual profits.

中文翻译：

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云联邦中异构工期作业的双重拍卖和利润最大化机制

通过相互共享资源，云联盟中的不同云提供商可以利用其在资源配置和运营成本方面的多样性，从而提高服务性能。他们应该综合考虑资源定价、作业调度和服务器配置的策略，以最大限度地提高自己的利益。另一方面，他们需要通过合适的机制（通常是拍卖）有效地交易资源，以保证参与者的利润。然而，考虑到作业的异构执行时间，定价策略和交易机制都需要精心设计，这显然是一项具有挑战性的任务。在本文中，我们首先提出了一个真实的，个人理性和事后预算平衡拍卖机制，用于选择买家和卖家获胜者对交易不同持续时间的虚拟机。然后，为了最大化个人利润，我们基于我们的具有异构执行时间和资源需求的作业的重要性模型，提出了动态资源投标方案和作业调度策略。仿真结果表明，与现有设计相比，我们的设计可以更好地处理执行时间和资源需求的变化，并使参与者获得更多的个人利润。