Transcripts of uncertain coding potential (TUCP) are part of long noncoding RNAs, which include short open reading frames and could be translated into small peptides. In recent years, a growing number of TUCPs has been implicated in multiple biological activities, such as embryogenesis and transcriptional regulation. However, the abundance of TUCPs and their roles in goat endometrium during pregnancy recognition (day 16) remain undocumented. In this study, bioinformatics analyses were conducted to identify the differentially expressed (DE) TUCPs between pregnant animals and corresponding nonpregnant controls. A total of 5551 TUCPs were identified; 114 TUCPs were DE in goat endometrium, of which 74 TUCPs were upregulated in pregnant endometrium, whereas 40 TUCPs were downregulated. The related genes of TUCP were predicted by using coexpression and colocalization methods. In summary, 419 genes were predicted by colocalization, and 9464 genes were predicted by coexpression. The kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that TUCPs, which are highly expressed in pregnant endometrium, were mainly associated with endometrial remodeling, nutrient synthesis, and transportation. However, TUCPs that were lowly expressed in pregnant endometrium were mainly associated with immune tolerance, which is necessary for the protection and development of the embryo in the uterus. These findings may be used for the comparative analysis of TUCP transcripts in endometrium and assist in the selection of applicable candidate genes associated with embryo implantation for further functional analyses.

中文翻译：

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在山羊子宫内膜附着前阶段使用 RNA 测序分析不确定编码潜力的转录本

不确定编码潜力 (TUCP) 的转录本是长非编码 RNA 的一部分，包括短的开放阅读框，可以翻译成小肽。近年来，越来越多的 TUCPs 与多种生物活动有关，例如胚胎发生和转录调控。然而，在妊娠识别（第 16 天）期间，TUCP 的丰度及其在山羊子宫内膜中的作用仍未得到证实。在这项研究中，进行了生物信息学分析，以确定怀孕动物和相应的非怀孕对照之间的差异表达 (DE) TUCP。共识别出 5551 个 TUCP；山羊子宫内膜中有114个TUCPs是DE，其中74个TUCPs在妊娠子宫内膜中上调，而40个TUCPs下调。采用共表达和共定位方法预测TUCP的相关基因。总之，共定位预测了419个基因，共表达预测了9464个基因。京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）和基因本体论（GO）分析表明，在妊娠子宫内膜中高表达的TUCPs主要与子宫内膜重塑、营养合成和运输有关。然而，在妊娠子宫内膜中低表达的TUCPs主要与免疫耐受有关，这对于子宫内胚胎的保护和发育是必需的。这些发现可用于子宫内膜中 TUCP 转录物的比较分析，并有助于选择与胚胎植入相关的适用候选基因以进行进一步的功能分析。