The climate change induced global warming, and in particular the increased frequency and intensity of heat waves, have been linked to health problems. Among them, scientific works have been reporting an increased incidence of neurological diseases, encompassing also neurodegenerative ones, such as Dementia of Alzheimer's type, Parkinson's Disease, and Motor Neuron Diseases.

Although the increase in prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is well documented by literature reports, the link between global warming and the enhanced prevalence of such diseases remains elusive. This is the main theme of our work, which aims to examine the connection between high temperature exposure and neurodegenerative diseases. Firstly, we evaluate the influence of high temperatures exposure on the pathophysiology of these disorders. Secondly, we discuss its effects on the thermoregulation, already compromised in affected patients, and its interference with processes of excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, all of them related with neurodegeneration. Finally, we investigate chronic versus acute stressors on body warming, and put forward a possible interpretation of the beneficial or detrimental effects on the brain, which is responsible for the incidence or progression of neurological disorders.

气候变化导致全球变暖，特别是热浪频率和强度的增加，与健康问题有关。其中，科学工作报告了神经系统疾病的发病率增加，还包括神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病型痴呆、帕金森病和运动神经元病。

尽管文献报道充分证明了神经退行性疾病患病率的增加，但全球变暖与此类疾病患病率增加之间的联系仍然难以捉摸。这是我们工作的主题，旨在研究高温暴露与神经退行性疾病之间的联系。首先，我们评估高温暴露对这些疾病的病理生理学的影响。其次，我们讨论了它对受影响患者的体温调节的影响，以及它对兴奋性毒性、氧化应激和神经炎症过程的干扰，所有这些都与神经变性有关。最后，我们调查了对身体变暖的慢性和急性压力源，并提出了对大脑有益或有害影响的可能解释，