Chloropicrin (CP) can cause long-term damage to beneficial microbes which reduces soil health. Biochar (BC) can mitigate against the effects of CP by reducing the time for beneficial microbes to recover after CP fumigation. In this study, we used Real-Time Quantitative PCR to determine the effects of different rates of BC added to CP-fumigated soil on the speed of recovery of bacteria and fungi population and on changes to gene copy number of the target pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. And then we compared the structure and composition of the beneficial microbial community in the different treatments soil by using High throughput Illumina sequencing. As the results shown, adding 1 or 3% BC after CP fumigation accelerated the recovery of bacterial and fungal populations without increasing F. oxysporum abundance. BC also promoted the recovery of beneficial bacteria Rokubacteria and Latescibacteria damaged by CP. And these two bacteria may be related to the immunity of soil to F. oxysporum. In CP-fumigated soil, BC improved the disease resistance of the soil by increasing beneficial microbes, such as Steroidobacter, Sphingomonas, Purpureocillium and Mortierella. This combination of CP and BC is a new concept that could encourages the development of a healthy and sustainable soil ecosystems while controlling plant pathogens.

氯化苦 (CP) 会对有益微生物造成长期损害，从而降低土壤健康。Biochar (BC) 可以通过减少 CP 熏蒸后有益微生物恢复的时间来减轻 CP 的影响。在本研究中，我们使用实时定量 PCR 来确定不同比例的 BC 添加到 CP 熏蒸土壤中对细菌和真菌种群恢复速度以及目标病原体尖孢镰刀菌基因拷贝数变化的影响。然后我们使用高通量 Illumina 测序比较了不同处理土壤中有益微生物群落的结构和组成。如结果所示，在 CP 熏蒸后添加 1% 或 3% BC 可加速细菌和真菌种群的恢复，而不会增加尖孢镰刀菌丰富。BC 还促进了CP 损伤的有益菌Rokubacteria和Latescibacteria的恢复。而这两种细菌可能与土壤对尖孢镰刀菌的免疫力有关。在 CP 熏蒸土壤中，BC 通过增加有益微生物，如类固醇杆菌、鞘氨醇单胞菌、紫杉和被孢霉，提高了土壤的抗病能力。CP 和 BC 的这种结合是一个新概念，可以在控制植物病原体的同时鼓励健康和可持续的土壤生态系统的发展。