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Perturbation of ribosomal subunit dynamics by inhibitors of tRNA translocation
RNA ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 , DOI: 10.1261/rna.078758.121
Riccardo Belardinelli 1 , Heena Sharma 1 , Frank Peske 1 , Marina V Rodnina 1
Affiliation  

Many antibiotics that bind to the ribosome inhibit translation by blocking the movement of tRNAs and mRNA or interfering with ribosome dynamics, which impairs the formation of essential translocation intermediates. Here we show how translocation inhibitors viomycin (Vio), neomycin (Neo), paromomycin (Par), kanamycin (Kan), spectinomycin (Spc), hygromycin B (HygB), and streptomycin (Str, an antibiotic that does not inhibit tRNA movement), affect principal motions of the small ribosomal subunits (SSU) during EF-G-promoted translocation. Using ensemble kinetics, we studied the SSU body domain rotation and SSU head domain swiveling in real time. We show that although antibiotics binding to the ribosome can favor a particular ribosome conformation in the absence of EF-G, their kinetic effect on the EF-G-induced transition to the rotated/swiveled state of the SSU is moderate. The antibiotics mostly inhibit backward movements of the SSU body and/or the head domains. Vio, Spc, and high concentrations of Neo completely inhibit the backward movements of the SSU body and head domain. Kan, Par, HygB, and low concentrations of Neo slow down both movements, but their sequence and coordination are retained. Finally, Str has very little effect on the backward rotation of the SSU body domain, but retards the SSU head movement. The data underscore the importance of ribosome dynamics for tRNA-mRNA translocation and provide new insights into the mechanism of antibiotic action.

中文翻译:

tRNA 易位抑制剂对核糖体亚基动力学的扰动

许多与核糖体结合的抗生素通过阻断 tRNA 和 mRNA 的运动或干扰核糖体动力学来抑制翻译,这会损害必需易位中间体的形成。在这里,我们展示了易位抑制剂紫霉素 (Vio)、新霉素 (Neo)、巴龙霉素 (Par)、卡那霉素 (Kan)、壮观霉素 (Spc)、潮霉素 B (HygB) 和链霉素(Str,一种不抑制 tRNA 运动的抗生素)如何),在 EF-G 促进的易位过程中影响小核糖体亚基 (SSU) 的主要运动。使用集成动力学,我们实时研究了 SSU 身体域旋转和 SSU 头部域旋转。我们表明,尽管在没有 EF-G 的情况下,与核糖体结合的抗生素可以有利于特定的核糖体构象,它们对 EF-G 诱导的 SSU 旋转/旋转状态转变的动力学影响是中等的。抗生素主要抑制 SSU 身体和/或头部区域的向后运动。Vio、Spc 和高浓度的 Neo 完全抑制了 SSU 身体和头部域的向后运动。Kan、Par、HygB 和低浓度的 Neo 会减慢这两种运动,但保留了它们的顺序和协调性。最后,Str 对 SSU 身体域的后向旋转影响很小,但会延迟 SSU 头部运动。这些数据强调了核糖体动力学对 tRNA-mRNA 易位的重要性,并为抗生素作用机制提供了新的见解。高浓度的 Neo 完全抑制了 SSU 身体和头部域的向后运动。Kan、Par、HygB 和低浓度的 Neo 会减慢这两种运动,但保留了它们的顺序和协调性。最后,Str 对 SSU 身体域的后向旋转影响很小,但会延迟 SSU 头部运动。这些数据强调了核糖体动力学对 tRNA-mRNA 易位的重要性,并为抗生素作用机制提供了新的见解。高浓度的 Neo 完全抑制了 SSU 身体和头部域的向后运动。Kan、Par、HygB 和低浓度的 Neo 会减慢这两种运动,但保留了它们的顺序和协调性。最后,Str 对 SSU 身体域的后向旋转影响很小,但会延迟 SSU 头部运动。这些数据强调了核糖体动力学对 tRNA-mRNA 易位的重要性,并为抗生素作用机制提供了新的见解。
更新日期:2021-08-16
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