Using 2015 International Social Survey Program (ISSP) data on 38,179 individuals from 36 countries in 9 relatively homogeneous global regions, we analyze the gender differences and the gender gap in perceived workplace harassment (PWH) with particular attention to gender equality's and gender egalitarianism's roles in molding these differences. We find that despite large regional differences, women in most countries are more likely than men to perceive workplace harassment, although this likelihood is higher in countries that score favorably on our gender equality measures. Hence, political empowerment and better economic opportunities alter women's perceptions of workplace harassment, increasing the probability of their experiencing it. Our results also underscore the important roles of values and gender egalitarian practices. Whereas enhanced gender egalitarianism values increase women's perceptions of workplace harassment, concrete practices tend to reduce them. Especially for management, this result highlights the importance of actually implementing gender equality policies at a corporate level, because a discrepancy between corporate values and practices on this issue will only accentuate the perception of harassment.

中文翻译：

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感知工作场所骚扰和性别平等的性别差异：比较跨国分析

使用 2015 年国际社会调查计划 (ISSP) 对来自 9 个相对同质的全球区域的 36 个国家的 38,179 个人的数据，我们分析了感知工作场所骚扰 (PWH) 的性别差异和性别差距，特别关注性别平等和性别平等主义在塑造这些差异。我们发现，尽管存在巨大的地区差异，但大多数国家/地区的女性比男性更有可能感受到工作场所骚扰，尽管在我们的性别平等措施中得分较高的国家/地区，这种可能性更高。因此，政治赋权和更好的经济机会改变了女性对工作场所骚扰的看法，增加了她们遭受骚扰的可能性。我们的结果还强调了价值观和性别平等实践的重要作用。虽然增强的性别平等主义价值观会增加女性对工作场所骚扰的看法，但具体的做法往往会减少这种看法。特别是对于管理层而言，这一结果凸显了在企业层面实际实施性别平等政策的重要性，因为企业价值观和实践之间在这个问题上的差异只会加剧对骚扰的看法。