Objectives

Discuss the clinical assessment and management of symptoms for children and adolescents receiving treatment for cancer with attention to a person-centered approach to care.

Data Sources

Review of currently published literature and guidelines pertaining to symptom assessment and management for children and adolescents receiving treatment for cancer.

Conclusion

Symptoms such as pain, nausea, and fatigue are commonly reported by children and adolescents receiving cancer treatment and are associated with greater symptom burden. Symptom assessment should be tailored to the child or adolescent and include the child's or adolescent's preference for reporting symptoms and attention to the symptoms that are of greatest priority. Evidence-based guidelines for the management of symptoms, including pain and nausea, are available to guide symptom management interventions and should be tailored to provide person-centered care.

Implications for Nursing Practice

Nurses can lead efforts through clinical practice and research initiatives to advance person-centered symptom care for children and adolescents with cancer on a global level. Priorities for future work to advance person-centered symptom assessment and management include (1) identification of best practices for symptom assessment, (2) attention to social determinants of health and their subsequent influence on symptom outcomes, (3) compilation of evidence for management of less commonly reported symptoms, and (4) implementation of published clinical guidelines for symptom management in practice settings.

中文翻译：

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接受癌症治疗的儿童和青少年的以人为本的症状评估和管理方法

目标

讨论接受癌症治疗的儿童和青少年的临床评估和症状管理，注意以人为本的护理方法。

数据源

回顾目前已发表的关于接受癌症治疗的儿童和青少年的症状评估和管理的文献和指南。

结论

接受癌症治疗的儿童和青少年通常会报告疼痛、恶心和疲劳等症状，这些症状与更大的症状负担有关。症状评估应针对儿童或青少年量身定制，包括儿童或青少年对报告症状的偏好以及对最优先的症状的关注。包括疼痛和恶心在内的症状管理循证指南可用于指导症状管理干预措施，并应量身定制以提供以人为本的护理。

对护理实践的影响

护士可以通过临床实践和研究计划带头努力，在全球范围内推进以人为本的癌症儿童和青少年症状护理。未来推进以人为本的症状评估和管理工作的优先事项包括 (1) 确定症状评估的最佳实践，(2) 关注健康的社会决定因素及其对症状结果的后续影响，(3) 汇编管理证据较少报告的症状，以及 (4) 在实践环境中实施已发布的症状管理临床指南。