Native pollinator populations across the United States are increasingly threatened by a multitude of ecological stressors. Although the drivers behind pollinator population declines are varied, habitat loss/degradation remains one of the most important threats. Forested landscapes, where the impacts of habitat loss/degradation are minimized, are known to support robust pollinator populations in eastern North America. Within heavily forested landscapes, timber management is already implemented as a means for improving forest health and enhancing wildlife habitat, however, little is known regarding the characteristics within regenerating timber harvests that affect forest pollinator populations. In 2018 and 2019, we monitored insect pollinators in 143 regenerating (≤9 growing seasons post-harvest) timber harvest sites across Pennsylvania. During 1129 survey events, we observed over 9100 bees and butterflies, 220 blooming plant taxa, and collected over 2200 pollinator specimens. Bee and butterfly abundance were positively associated with season-wide floral abundance and negatively associated with dense vegetation that inhibits the growth of understory floral resources. Particularly in late summer, few pollinators were observed in stands >6 years post-harvest, with models predicting five times more bees in 1-year-old harvests than in 9-year-old harvests. Pollinator species diversity was positively associated with floral diversity and percent forb cover, and negatively associated with percent tall (>1 m) sapling cover. These results suggest that regenerating timber harvests promote abundant and diverse pollinator communities in the Appalachian Mountains, though pollinator abundance declined quickly as woody stems regenerated. Ultimately, our findings contribute to a growing body of literature suggesting that dynamic forest management producing a mix of age classes would benefit forest pollinator populations in the Central Appalachian Mountains.

美国各地的本地传粉媒介种群正日益受到多种生态压力因素的威胁。尽管授粉媒介数量下降的驱动因素各不相同，但栖息地丧失/退化仍然是最重要的威胁之一。众所周知，栖息地丧失/退化的影响最小的森林景观支持北美东部强大的传粉媒介种群。在森林茂密的景观中，木材管理已经作为改善森林健康和增强野生动物栖息地的一种手段而实施，但是，关于影响森林传粉媒介种群的再生木材收获的特征知之甚少。在 2018 年和 2019 年，我们监测了宾夕法尼亚州 143 个再生（收获后生长季节≤9 个）木材采伐地点的昆虫传粉媒介。在 1129 次调查事件中，我们观察了 9100 多只蜜蜂和蝴蝶、220 个开花植物类群，并收集了 2200 多个传粉媒介标本。蜜蜂和蝴蝶的丰度与整个季节的花卉丰度呈正相关，而与抑制林下花卉资源生长的茂密植被呈负相关。特别是在夏末，在收获后 6 年以上的林分中观察到的传粉媒介很少，模型预测 1 年收获期的蜜蜂数量是 9 年期收获期的 5 倍。传粉媒介物种多样性与花卉多样性和杂草覆盖率呈正相关，与高 (>1 m) 树苗覆盖率呈负相关。这些结果表明，再生木材采伐促进了阿巴拉契亚山脉丰富多样的传粉媒介群落，尽管随着木质茎的再生，传粉媒介的丰度迅速下降。最终，我们的发现有助于越来越多的文献表明，产生不同年龄等级的动态森林管理将有利于阿巴拉契亚山脉中部的森林传粉者种群。