ABSTRACT

Wreckfish (Polyprion americanus) is considered to be a good candidate for European aquaculture. The main biometric parameters were recorded from 86 wild-caught fish (2.6-18 kg of total weight) for 14 months and the gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HIS) and viscerosomatic index (VSI) were obtained. Biochemical analyses of muscle, liver and gonads from wild wreckfish showed that wreckfish has a high level of protein in muscle, 84% of dry weight (DW), and low level of lipids (7% DW). Capture season, sex, size or weight of the fish did not have a strong effect on the variability observed in the levels of proteins, lipids and fatty acids of the different tissues. Reared wreckfish have more lipids in mature gonads than wild fish, which may be due to a more lipid-rich diet. However, some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reached higher values in wild female gonads than in reared gonads, which could indicate the wreckfish has high requirements in these fatty acids. This study obtained valuable data on the biology and biochemical composition of wreckfish to estimate its nutritional requirements, which could be useful for the future of this species in aquaculture.

摘要

沉船（Polyprion americanus）) 被认为是欧洲水产养殖的良好候选者。对86条野生捕获的鱼（总重2.6-18 kg）进行14个月的主要生物识别参数记录，获得性腺指数（GSI）、肝体指数（HIS）和内脏指数（VSI）。对来自野生沉鱼的肌肉、肝脏和性腺的生化分析表明，沉鱼的肌肉中蛋白质含量高，干重 (DW) 的 84%，脂质含量 (7% DW) 低。捕获季节、性别、大小或鱼的重量对观察到的不同组织的蛋白质、脂质和脂肪酸水平的变异性没有强烈影响。养殖的沉船在成熟的性腺中比野生鱼含有更多的脂质，这可能是由于饮食中脂质含量更高。然而，一些多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）如花生四烯酸（ARA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）在野生雌性性腺中的含量高于养殖的性腺，这可能表明沉鱼对这些脂肪酸的需求量很高。这项研究获得了有关沉船的生物学和生化成分的宝贵数据，以估计其营养需求，这可能有助于该物种在水产养殖中的未来发展。