This study examines the transplantation and evolution of business law in the late Ottoman Empire and the early Turkish republic, drawing broader implications for the economic and political determinants of legal transplantation for late industrializers. We show that the underlying political economy context was influential in shaping the way commercial law was transplanted and evolved in Turkey. Extraterritorial rights in the nineteenth century eroded the incentives to demand legal change by providing alternative legal rules to the non-Muslim commercial elite; the nation-building efforts of the twentieth century cultivated a new Muslim business class that was reliant on the state's goodwill for success and could not effectively push for more open access to novel forms of business organization.

本研究考察了奥斯曼帝国晚期和土耳其共和国早期商业法的移植和演变，对晚期工业化国家的法律移植的经济和政治决定因素产生了更广泛的影响。我们表明，潜在的政治经济背景对塑造商业法在土耳其的移植和发展方式产生了影响。十九世纪的域外权利通过向非穆斯林商业精英提供替代法律规则，削弱了要求法律变革的动力；20 世纪的国家建设努力培养了一个新的穆斯林商业阶层，这种阶层依赖于国家对成功的善意，但无法有效地推动更开放地进入新形式的商业组织。