ABSTRACT

The current paper investigates the individual differences underlying the ability to solve classic and contemporary insight problems along the subjective phenomenology of insight in the solution of these problems. We investigate fluid reasoning, divergent thinking and schizotypy. Experiments 1–3 (total N = 434) investigated the association between schizotypy, divergent thinking, reasoning abilities, and participants’ tendencies to report feelings associated with insight (e.g. aha experience) in the solution of classic insight, classic non-insight problems, and compound remote associates. We found that both positive schizotypy (particularly the subscale Unusual Experiences) and originality (uncommon responses in a creativity task) were positive predictors of aha experiences, though not of problem solving. These results highlight important individual differences in the tendency to perceive meaning in problem solving and the implications for our metacognitive judgments of truth in our problem-solving processes.

摘要

当前的论文沿着解决这些问题的主观现象学研究了解决经典和当代洞察力问题能力的个体差异。我们研究流体推理、发散思维和分裂型。实验 1–3（总共N = 434) 调查了分裂型、发散性思维、推理能力和参与者在解决经典洞察力、经典非洞察力问题和复合远程伙伴时报告与洞察力（例如啊哈体验）相关的感受的倾向之间的关联。我们发现，积极的分裂型（特别是不寻常的经历）和原创性（创造性任务中的罕见反应）都是 aha 经历的积极预测因素，但不是解决问题的积极预测因素。这些结果突出了重要的个体差异，即在解决问题的过程中感知意义的倾向以及对我们在解决问题过程中对真理的元认知判断的影响。