Abstract

Iron is a favored catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, the production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas. Zeolites are common catalysts for hydrocarbon processing. Here we review iron-based catalysts for FT, both alone and in combination with zeolites. The importance of the related water-gas-shift reaction (WGS) in specifying a FT catalyst is studied. For the iron-based catalyst, the effects of different catalyst supports are explained. The performance of such a catalyst when various metal promoters (Cu, K, Mo, and others) are added to it are compared. Several metal promoters on a Fe-based catalyst increase FT and WGS water-gas shift reaction activity, and also improve the stability of the catalyst.

For the zeolite catalyst, changes in the final product profile with change in zeolite type are described. Zeolites are used to convert long-chain hydrocarbons produced by the FT process into gasoline- and diesel-range hydrocarbons. Zeolite use in optimization of olefin, aromatic, and branched products and conversion of oxygenates to hydrocarbons is explained based on several studies. Deactivation and the overall reaction sequence on zeolite catalysts are described.

摘要

铁是费托 (FT) 合成（从合成气生产碳氢化合物）的首选催化剂。沸石是烃加工的常用催化剂。在这里，我们回顾了用于 FT 的铁基催化剂，无论是单独使用还是与沸石结合使用。研究了相关的水煤气变换反应 (WGS) 在指定 FT 催化剂中的重要性。对于铁基催化剂，解释了不同催化剂载体的影响。比较了添加各种金属助催化剂（Cu、K、Mo 等）时这种催化剂的性能。Fe 基催化剂上的几种金属助催化剂提高了 FT 和 WGS 水煤气变换反应的活性，同时也提高了催化剂的稳定性。

对于沸石催化剂，描述了最终产品分布随沸石类型的变化而变化。沸石用于将 FT 工艺产生的长链碳氢化合物转化为汽油和柴油范围的碳氢化合物。基于几项研究解释了沸石在优化烯烃、芳烃和支化产物以及将含氧化合物转化为烃中的用途。描述了沸石催化剂的失活和整个反应顺序。