Introduction: It is well-known that cognitive function declines with age. In order to detect changes in cognitive function, cognitive tests should be performed repeatedly. Currently existing cognitive tests come in only a single version, so the subject is likely to remember the contents with repeated testing. And, under the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in-person assessment should be avoided. This study was performed to develop a new cognitive test (brain assessment, BA) that has 5 versions and can be performed on a personal computer (PC) through the Internet. Materials and Methods: Five thousand subjects performed the online BA, which consisted of 5 subtests: number memory, word memory, mental rotation test, N-back test, and judgment test. We standardized the raw scores (cognitive scores, CSs) using mean and standard deviation, which were 50 and 10, respectively. Then, we calculated the mean CS for each sex and age, plotted the relationships between ages and mean CSs on figures, and calculated the formula of cognitive changes during normal aging. Results: The CSs of all subtests decreased with aging. The regression coefficient was from −0.31 to −0.45. It is noteworthy that in most subtests, the CSs started to increase at 85 years of age. Discussion: Our BA has 5 versions and can be done on a PC using the Internet. We tested the BA in a large number of subjects, and the standard values of CSs were measured in individuals up to 89 years of age. By performing this test repeatedly, subjects can evaluate the degree of their cognitive decline. If the rate of cognitive decline is greater than that predicted using the normalized formula, the subjects can undertake strategies to improve their control of lifestyle-related diseases or other habits of daily living. Conclusion: The BA can be easily taken online using a PC, and its scores linearly declined with normal aging. The BA will be useful for detecting longitudinal cognitive changes and comparing them to the pattern seen in normal aging.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

中文翻译：

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用于检测衰老过程中认知功能变化的在线工具（大脑评估）

简介：众所周知，认知功能会随着年龄的增长而下降。为了检测认知功能的变化，应反复进行认知测试。目前现有的认知测试只有一个版本，因此受试者很可能通过重复测试记住内容。而且，在 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 爆发的情况下，应避免亲自评估。进行这项研究是为了开发一种新的认知测试（大脑评估，BA），它有 5 个版本，可以通过互联网在个人计算机 (PC) 上进行。材料和方法：5000名受试者进行了在线BA，由5个子测试组成：数字记忆、单词记忆、心理旋转测试、N-back测试和判断测试。我们使用平均值和标准差对原始分数（认知分数，CS）进行标准化，分别为 50 和 10。然后，我们计算了每个性别和年龄的平均 CS，在数字上绘制了年龄与平均 CS 之间的关系，并计算了正常衰老过程中认知变化的公式。结果：所有子测试的CSs都随着年龄的增长而下降。回归系数从-0.31 到-0.45。值得注意的是，在大多数子测试中，CSs 在 85 岁时开始增加。讨论：我们的 BA 有 5 个版本，可以使用 Internet 在 PC 上完成。我们在大量受试者中测试了 BA，并在 89 岁以下的个体中测量了 CS 的标准值。通过反复执行此测试，受试者可以评估其认知能力下降的程度。如果认知下降的速度大于使用标准化公式预测的速度，受试者可以采取策略来改善他们对生活方式相关疾病或其他日常生活习惯的控制。结论： BA可以很容易地通过PC在线获取，其分数随着正常老化呈线性下降。BA 将有助于检测纵向认知变化并将其与正常衰老中看到的模式进行比较。
老年痴呆症认知障碍