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Effects of supplements differing in fatty acid profile to late gestational beef cows on cow performance, calf growth performance, and mRNA expression of genes associated with myogenesis and adipogenesis
Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology ( IF 6.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 , DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00588-w
Taoqi Shao 1 , Frank A Ireland 1 , Joshua C McCann 1 , Daniel W Shike 1
Affiliation  

Maternal nutrition during gestation affects fetal development, which has long-term programming effects on offspring postnatal growth performance. With a critical role in protein and lipid metabolism, essential fatty acids can influence the development of muscle and adipose tissue. The experiment investigated the effects of late gestation supplements (77 d prepartum), either rich in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (CON; 155 g/cow/d EnerGII) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; 80 g/cow/d Strata and 80 g/cow/d Prequel), on cow performance and subsequent calf growth performance as well as mRNA expression in longissimus muscle (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue at birth and weaning. There was no difference (P ≥ 0.34) in cow body weight (BW) or body condition score from pre-supplementation through weaning. Relative concentrations of C18:3n-3 and C20:4n-6 decreased (P ≤ 0.05) to a greater extent from mid-supplementation to calving for PUFA compared with CON cows. Cow plasma C20:0, C20:5n-3, and C22:6n-3 were increased (P ≤ 0.01) in PUFA during supplementation period. At birth, PUFA steers had greater (P = 0.01) plasma C20:5n-3. No differences (P ≥ 0.33) were detected in steer birth BW or dam milk production, however, CON steers tended (P = 0.06) to have greater pre-weaning average daily gain and had greater (P = 0.05) weaning BW compared with PUFA. For mRNA expression in steers: MYH7 and C/EBPβ in LM increased (P ≤ 0.04) to a greater extent from birth to weaning for PUFA compared with CON; MYF5 in LM and C/EBPβ in adipose tissue tended (P ≤ 0.08) to decrease more from birth to weaning for CON compared with PUFA; SCD in PUFA adipose tissue tended (P = 0.08) to decrease to a greater extent from birth to weaning than CON. In addition, maternal PUFA supplementation tended (P = 0.08) to decrease MYOG mRNA expression in LM and decreased (P = 0.02) ZFP423 in adipose tissue during the pre-weaning stage. Late gestation PUFA supplementation decreased pre-weaning growth performance of the subsequent steer progeny compared with CON supplementation, which could have been a result of downregulated mRNA expression of myogenic genes during pre-weaning period.

中文翻译:

脂肪酸谱不同的补充剂对妊娠晚期肉牛的影响对奶牛性能、小牛生长性能以及与肌生成和脂肪生成相关基因的 mRNA 表达的影响

孕期母体营养影响胎儿发育,对子代产后生长表现具有长期规划效应。必需脂肪酸在蛋白质和脂质代谢中起着关键作用,可以影响肌肉和脂肪组织的发育。该实验研究了妊娠晚期补充剂(产前 77 天)的影响,这些补充剂富含饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸(CON;155 克/奶牛/天 EnerGII)或多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA;80 克/奶牛/天 Strata 和 80 g/cow/d Prequel),对母牛生产性能和随后的小牛生长性能以及最长肌 (LM) 和皮下脂肪组织中出生和断奶时的 mRNA 表达的影响。从补充前到断奶,奶牛体重 (BW) 或身体状况评分没有差异 (P ≥ 0.34)。C18的相对浓度:与 CON 奶牛相比,3n-3 和 C20:4n-6 从 PUFA 的中期补充到产犊的降低幅度更大(P ≤ 0.05)。在补充期间,PUFA 中的奶牛血浆 C20:0、C20:5n-3 和 C22:6n-3 增加(P ≤ 0.01)。出生时,PUFA 阉牛的血浆 C20:5n-3 更高(P = 0.01)。公牛出生体重或母牛产奶量没有检测到差异 (P ≥ 0.33),但是,与 PUFA 相比,CON 公牛倾向于 (P = 0.06) 断奶前平均日增重更大,断奶 BW 更大 (P = 0.05) . 对于公牛的mRNA表达:与CON相比,PUFA从出生到断奶,LM中的MYH7和C/EBPβ增加幅度更大(P≤0.04);与 PUFA 相比,对于 CON,LM 中的 MYF5 和脂肪组织中的 C/EBPβ 倾向于(P ≤ 0.08)从出生到断奶减少更多;PUFA 脂肪组织中的 SCD 趋于 (P = 0. 08) 从出生到断奶的下降幅度大于 CON。此外,在断奶前阶段,母体 PUFA 补充剂倾向于 (P = 0.08) 降低 LM 中的 MYOG mRNA 表达并降低 (P = 0.02) 脂肪组织中的 ZFP423。与补充 CON 相比,妊娠晚期补充 PUFA 降低了后续阉牛后代的断奶前生长性能,这可能是断奶前生肌基因 mRNA 表达下调的结果。
更新日期:2021-06-14
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