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Mental healthcare for asylum-seekers and refugees residing in the United Kingdom: a scoping review of policies, barriers, and enablers
International Journal of Mental Health Systems ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 , DOI: 10.1186/s13033-021-00473-z
Teresa Pollard 1 , Natasha Howard 1, 2
Affiliation  

Since 2011, a large influx of asylum-seekers and refugees has put pressure on the UK’s under-resourced national health services and mental health services. Asylum-seekers and refugees (ASR) may experience traumatic events pre-departure, life-threating circumstances on their journeys, and difficulties integrating into host countries related to immigration policies, social isolation, poor living conditions, and unemployment, all of which can significantly affect their mental health. This topic is increasingly important due to the numbers of people seeking asylum and growing concern for their mental health on resettlement. This study examined UK-wide policies and guidance, healthcare practices, barriers, and enablers of mental healthcare for ASR residing in the UK. We conducted a scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley’s 2005 framework, which included semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from non-governmental organisations, academia, UK National Health Service, and community groups. We synthesised and analysed literature and interview data thematically to examine current barriers and potential enablers of ASR mental health support in the UK. We included 39 literature sources, of 1,638 identified, and 10 stakeholder interviews. Sources, most published in 2019 (n = 13), included data from England (n = 13), Scotland (n = 3), Wales (n = 3), and Northern Ireland (n = 2) and covered access to care (n = 16), mental health disorders (n = 7), impacts on health (n = 7), barriers to care (n = 13), policies and plans (n = 4), and clinical recommendations (n = 3). Synthesised themes from literature and interviews included existing barriers (i.e. communication difficulties and lack of funding, resources, and political will) and potential enablers (i.e. proposed provision practices, social needs of ASR, and policy changes). There is a gap in the literature regarding UK-wide assessment of access and delivery of mental healthcare for ASR in the UK. Time sensitive and culturally appropriate approaches are needed, with greater funding and resource support from the UK Government. This study provides justification for a call to relax hostile environment policies, and for ASR-specific mental health services and support to be considered within the UK. Further research is needed to assess implementation of guidelines across the UK.

中文翻译:

居住在英国的寻求庇护者和难民的心理保健:政策、障碍和推动因素的范围审查

自 2011 年以来,大量涌入的寻求庇护者和难民给英国资源不足的国家卫生服务和心理健康服务带来了压力。寻求庇护者和难民 (ASR) 可能会在出发前经历创伤性事件、旅途中危及生命的情况,以及与移民政策、社会孤立、恶劣的生活条件和失业相关的融入东道国的困难,所有这些都可能显着影响他们的心理健康。由于寻求庇护的人数越来越多,以及他们在重新安置时的心理健康问题日益受到关注,这个话题变得越来越重要。本研究调查了英国范围内的政策和指导、医疗保健实践、障碍以及居住在英国的 ASR 精神保健的推动因素。我们使用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的 2005 框架进行了范围界定审查,其中包括对来自非政府组织、学术界、英国国家卫生服务机构和社区团体的利益相关者的半结构化访谈。我们按主题综合和分析了文献和访谈数据,以检查英国 ASR 心理健康支持的当前障碍和潜在推动因素。我们纳入了 39 个文献来源,确定了 1,638 个,以及 10 个利益相关者访谈。大多数在 2019 年发布的数据来源 (n = 13) 包括来自英格兰 (n = 13)、苏格兰 (n = 3)、威尔士 (n = 3) 和北爱尔兰 (n = 2) 的数据,并涵盖了获得医疗服务的机会 ( n = 16)、精神健康障碍 (n = 7)、对健康的影响 (n = 7)、护理障碍 (n = 13)、政策和计划 (n = 4) 以及临床建议 (n = 3)。来自文献和访谈的综合主题包括现有的障碍(即 沟通困难以及缺乏资金、资源和政治意愿)和潜在的推动因素(即提议的供应实践、ASR 的社会需求和政策变化)。在英国范围内对 ASR 精神保健的获取和提供进行评估的文献中存在空白。需要时间敏感和文化上适当的方法,并获得英国政府更多的资金和资源支持。这项研究为呼吁放松敌对环境政策以及在英国考虑 ASR 特定的心理健康服务和支持提供了理由。需要进一步研究以评估英国各地指南的实施情况。在英国范围内对 ASR 精神保健的获取和提供进行评估的文献中存在空白。需要时间敏感和文化上适当的方法,并获得英国政府更多的资金和资源支持。这项研究为呼吁放松敌对环境政策以及在英国考虑 ASR 特定的心理健康服务和支持提供了理由。需要进一步研究以评估英国各地指南的实施情况。在英国范围内对 ASR 精神保健的获取和提供进行评估的文献中存在空白。需要时间敏感和文化上适当的方法,并获得英国政府更多的资金和资源支持。这项研究为呼吁放松敌对环境政策以及在英国考虑 ASR 特定的心理健康服务和支持提供了理由。需要进一步研究以评估英国各地指南的实施情况。以及在英国考虑 ASR 特定的心理健康服务和支持。需要进一步研究来评估英国各地指南的实施情况。以及在英国考虑 ASR 特定的心理健康服务和支持。需要进一步研究以评估英国各地指南的实施情况。
更新日期:2021-06-14
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