Abstract Crop fertilisation management using organic wastes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation can play a crucial role in the sustainability of agroecosystems. However, in conventional agricultural systems, agrochemicals like fungicides could reduce the positive effect of AMF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic (biomass production) and environmental (soil CO2 emission) effects of AMF inoculation and digestate spreading on triticale cultivation using commercial seeds coated with fungicide. The field experiment was conducted in 2014–2015 at the University of Padua’s experimental farm (Italy), adopting a split-plot design, where the main plot factor was AMF inoculation (inoculated vs. uninoculated) and the subplot factor was fertilisation treatment (no fertilisation (NF), digestate liquid fraction (DL), digestate solid fraction (DS), mineral fertilisation (MF)). Low AMF root colonization was observed, likely due to the effect of fungicide; the only significant effect of AMF inoculation was a lower shoot density. Dry biomass production was significantly higher in the MF treatment (21.8 ± 1.04 Mg/ha) and lower in the NF treatment (14.5 ± 0.73 Mg/ha) compared to DS and DL treatments, which were not significantly different with an average yield of 17.2 ± 2.10 Mg/ha. During the cropping season, soil CO2 emissions were not significantly affected by either AMF inoculation or fertilisation treatment. The median value of soil CO2 emissions was 447.3 mg/m2 per hour.

中文翻译：

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菌根接种和消化液施肥对杀菌剂包衣种子小黑麦生物量生产的影响

摘要 使用有机废物和丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 接种的作物施肥管理可以在农业生态系统的可持续性中发挥关键作用。然而，在传统农业系统中，杀菌剂等农用化学品可能会降低 AMF 的积极作用。本研究的目的是评估 AMF 接种和消化液撒播对使用涂有杀菌剂的商业种子小黑麦种植的农艺（生物质生产）和环境（土壤二氧化碳排放）影响。田间试验于 2014-2015 年在帕多瓦大学实验农场（意大利）进行，采用裂区设计，主小区因子为 AMF 接种（接种 vs. 未接种），次小区因子为施肥处理（不接种）。施肥 (NF), 消化液部分 (DL), 消化固体部分（DS），矿物肥料（MF））。观察到低 AMF 根部定植，可能是由于杀菌剂的作用；AMF 接种的唯一显着影响是较低的芽密度。与 DS 和 DL 处理相比，MF 处理的干生物量产量显着较高 (21.8 ± 1.04 Mg/ha)，NF 处理的干生物量产量较低 (14.5 ± 0.73 Mg/ha)，平均产量为 17.2 ± 2.10 毫克/公顷。在种植季节，土壤 CO2 排放不受 AMF 接种或施肥处理的显着影响。土壤二氧化碳排放的中值为每小时 447.3 毫克/平方米。AMF 接种的唯一显着影响是较低的芽密度。与 DS 和 DL 处理相比，MF 处理的干生物量产量显着较高 (21.8 ± 1.04 Mg/ha)，NF 处理的干生物量产量较低 (14.5 ± 0.73 Mg/ha)，平均产量为 17.2 ± 2.10 毫克/公顷。在种植季节，土壤 CO2 排放不受 AMF 接种或施肥处理的显着影响。土壤二氧化碳排放的中值为每小时 447.3 毫克/平方米。AMF 接种的唯一显着影响是较低的芽密度。与 DS 和 DL 处理相比，MF 处理的干生物量产量显着较高 (21.8 ± 1.04 Mg/ha)，NF 处理的干生物量产量较低 (14.5 ± 0.73 Mg/ha)，平均产量为 17.2 ± 2.10 毫克/公顷。在种植季节，土壤 CO2 排放不受 AMF 接种或施肥处理的显着影响。土壤二氧化碳排放的中值为每小时 447.3 毫克/平方米。土壤 CO2 排放不受 AMF 接种或施肥处理的显着影响。土壤二氧化碳排放的中值为每小时 447.3 毫克/平方米。土壤 CO2 排放不受 AMF 接种或施肥处理的显着影响。土壤二氧化碳排放的中值为每小时 447.3 毫克/平方米。