Abstract Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important and potent greenhouse gas (GHG). Although application of nitrogen (N) fertiliser is a feature of many grazing systems, limited data is available on N2O emissions in grassland as a result of the interaction between urine, dung and fertiliser N. A small plot study was conducted to identify the individual and interactive effects of calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) fertiliser, dung and urine. Application of CAN with dung and urine significantly increased the mass of N2O-N emission. Importantly, the sum of N2O-N emitted from dung and CAN applied individually approximated the emission from dung and CAN fertiliser applied together, that is, an additive effect. However, in the case of urine and CAN applied together, the emission was more than double the sum of the emission from urine and CAN fertiliser applied individually, that is, a multiplicative effect. Nitrous oxide emissions from dung, urine and fertiliser N are typically derived individually and these individual emission estimates are aggregated to produce estimates of N2O emission. The presented findings have important implications for how individual emission factors are aggregated; they suggest that the multiplicative effect of the addition of CAN fertiliser to urine patches needs to be taken into account to refine the estimation of N2O emissions from grazing grasslands.

中文翻译：

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肥料氮与粪尿交互作用对草地氧化亚氮排放的影响

摘要 一氧化二氮 (N2O) 是一种重要且有效的温室气体 (GHG)。尽管施氮 (N) 肥料是许多放牧系统的一个特征，但由于尿液、粪便和肥料 N 之间的相互作用，关于草地 N2O 排放的数据有限。硝酸铵钙 (CAN) 肥料、粪便和尿液的相互作用。CAN 与粪便和尿液的应用显着增加了 N2O-N 的排放量。重要的是，单独施用的粪便和 CAN 排放的 N2O-N 总和近似于一起施用的粪便和 CAN 肥料的排放量，即相加效应。然而，在尿液和 CAN 一起应用的情况下，排放量是单独施用的尿液和 CAN 肥料排放量总和的两倍多，即倍增效应。来自粪便、尿液和肥料 N 的一氧化二氮排放量通常是单独得出的，并且这些单独的排放量估计值被汇总以产生 N2O 排放量的估计值。所呈现的研究结果对如何汇总单个排放因子具有重要意义；他们建议需要考虑向尿液斑块中添加 CAN 肥料的乘法效应，以完善对放牧草地 N2O 排放的估计。所呈现的研究结果对如何汇总单个排放因子具有重要意义；他们建议需要考虑向尿液斑块中添加 CAN 肥料的乘法效应，以完善对放牧草地 N2O 排放的估计。所呈现的研究结果对如何汇总单个排放因子具有重要意义；他们建议需要考虑向尿液斑块中添加 CAN 肥料的乘法效应，以完善对放牧草地 N2O 排放的估计。