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Selecting winter cover crop species for northern climatic conditions
Biological Agriculture & Horticulture ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-18 , DOI: 10.1080/01448765.2019.1627908
Merili Toom 1, 2 , Liina Talgre 2 , Andres Mäe 3 , Sirje Tamm 1 , Lea Narits 1 , Liina Edesi 4 , Merlin Haljak 1 , Enn Lauringson 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT The use of cover crops in crop rotations provides a wide range of ecosystem services including protection of the soil from nutrient loss. The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of winter cover crop species for Estonian conditions. Field trials with cover crop species winter rye (Secale cereale L), winter turnip rape (Brassica rapa spp. oleifera L.), forage radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) and berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) were carried out during the period 2016–2018 at the Estonian Crop Research Institute. Biomass production, nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) accumulation were evaluated. The results under northern European conditions indicated that together with winter rye and winter turnip rape, hairy vetch survived the winters. By the spring, hairy vetch had produced the most biomass and accumulated the highest amount of N, compared with the other species. Winter turnip rape showed the greatest uptake of P, K and Ca in the spring. In both years, forage radish presented the highest biomass and nutrient accumulation in the autumn. After winterkill and decomposition in the spring, the forage radish left holes in the ground, which could be a beneficial characteristic, particularly in no-tillage farming systems. Berseem clover did not produce remarkable biomass in the autumn and was killed by the first frosts and was therefore considered unsuitable as an overwintering cover crop for northern latitudes.

中文翻译:

选择适合北方气候条件的冬季覆盖作物品种

摘要 在轮作中使用覆盖作物提供了广泛的生态系统服务,包括保护土壤免受养分流失。本研究的目的是确定冬季覆盖作物种类对爱沙尼亚条件的适用性。使用覆盖作物品种冬黑麦 (Secale graine L)、冬萝卜油菜 (Brassica rapa spp. oleifera L.)、草料萝卜 (Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus)、多毛紫云英 (Vicia villosa Roth) 和 berseem 三叶草 ( Trifolium alexandrinum L.) 于 2016-2018 年期间在爱沙尼亚作物研究所进行。评估了生物质生产、氮 (N)、磷 (P)、钾 (K)、钙 (Ca) 和镁 (Mg) 的积累。北欧条件下的结果表明,与冬黑麦和冬萝卜油菜一起,毛茸茸的野豌豆熬过了冬天。到了春天,与其他物种相比,有毛紫云英产生了最多的生物量,积累了最多的 N 量。冬季萝卜油菜在春季对磷、钾和钙的吸收最大。两年中,牧草萝卜在秋季的生物量和养分积累量最高。在春季灭冬和分解后,草料萝卜在地面上留下了洞,这可能是一个有益的特性,特别是在免耕农业系统中。Berseem 三叶草在秋季没有产生显着的生物量,并被第一次霜冻杀死,因此被认为不适合作为北纬地区的越冬覆盖作物。与其他物种相比。冬季萝卜油菜在春季对磷、钾和钙的吸收最大。两年中,牧草萝卜在秋季的生物量和养分积累量最高。在春季灭冬和分解后,草料萝卜在地面上留下了洞,这可能是一个有益的特性,特别是在免耕农业系统中。Berseem 三叶草在秋季没有产生显着的生物量,并被第一次霜冻杀死,因此被认为不适合作为北纬地区的越冬覆盖作物。与其他物种相比。冬季萝卜油菜在春季对磷、钾和钙的吸收最大。两年中,牧草萝卜在秋季的生物量和养分积累量最高。在春季灭冬和分解后,饲料萝卜在地面上留下了洞,这可能是一个有益的特性,特别是在免耕农业系统中。Berseem 三叶草在秋季没有产生显着的生物量,并被第一次霜冻杀死,因此被认为不适合作为北纬地区的越冬覆盖作物。这可能是一个有益的特征,特别是在免耕农业系统中。Berseem 三叶草在秋季没有产生显着的生物量,并被第一次霜冻杀死,因此被认为不适合作为北纬地区的越冬覆盖作物。这可能是一个有益的特征,特别是在免耕农业系统中。Berseem 三叶草在秋季没有产生显着的生物量,并被第一次霜冻杀死,因此被认为不适合作为北纬地区的越冬覆盖作物。
更新日期:2019-06-18
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