Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the influence of plant- and animal-based soil amendments on soil nutrient availability, CO2 respiration, yield and phytochemicals of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus cv. 179) heads. Four certified organic fertilisers: fish meal, blood meal, alfalfa meal and chicken manure, were used as experimental treatments. After two years of organic soil amended with the plant-based fertiliser (alfalfa meal), soil respiration and content of organic matter (OM) was higher than that in soil amended with animal-based fertilisers (fish meal, blood meal, and chicken manure), though the difference in OM between alfalfa and chicken manure was not statistically significant. The marketable yield from soil amended with chicken manure was higher than that amended with alfalfa meal and in the first year (2015) yields from both chicken manure and fish meal treatments were higher than that of the alfalfa treatment. Concentrations of phytochemicals in artichoke heads grown in soil amended with alfalfa treatment were higher than in those grown with animal-based fertilisers (for chlorogenic acid the difference was significant only in 2016). Conversely, the cost of the alfalfa meal was higher than that of the animal-based fertilisers. Overall, plant-based fertiliser can be an ideal option for improving soil and head quality of artichokes, but animal-based fertilisers may be an appropriate choice for organic farmers when yield and cost are the main concerns.

中文翻译：

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有机土壤改良剂影响朝鲜蓟头的土壤健康、产量和植物化学物质

摘要 本研究的目的是评估基于植物和动物的土壤改良剂对朝鲜蓟 (Cynara cardunculus cv. 179) 头的土壤养分有效性、CO2 呼吸、产量和植物化学物质的影响。四种经过认证的有机肥料：鱼粉、血粉、苜蓿粉和鸡粪，用作实验处理。用植物性肥料（苜蓿粉）改良的有机土壤两年后，土壤呼吸和有机质（OM）含量高于用动物性肥料（鱼粉、血粉和鸡粪）改良的土壤)，尽管苜蓿和鸡粪之间的 OM 差异无统计学意义。鸡粪改良土壤的可销售产量高于苜蓿粉改良土壤的可销售产量，并且在第一年（2015 年），鸡粪和鱼粉处理的产量均高于苜蓿处理。在用苜蓿处理的土壤中种植的朝鲜蓟头中的植物化学物质浓度高于用动物肥料种植的朝鲜蓟头中的植物化学物质（对于绿原酸，差异仅在 2016 年才显着）。相反，苜蓿粉的成本高于动物性肥料。总的来说，植物性肥料是改善土壤和朝鲜蓟头部质量的理想选择，但当产量和成本是主要问题时，动物性肥料可能是有机农民的合适选择。