ABSTRACT Effects of cover crops on soil physical and chemical properties and yield of the following cash-crops were evaluated in an organic system in a high tunnel. The sequence of crops in the two-year study was: vetch or vetch-rye followed by zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) and then lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) in 2016 and celery (Apium graveolens L.) in 2017. In the plots with cover crops, two mulches (black and transparent polyethylene (PE) film) were used to cover the soil at the end of the first season during the winter period. The differences in the biomass between vetch grown on its own and the vetch-rye mixture were not significant, but the total amount of N accumulated in the biomass of the vetch (252 kg N ha−1) was greater than that of the vetch-rye mixture (174 kg N ha−1). The use of cover crops improved soil properties in the first season (2016), including water stable aggregate index and soil organic matter. In the second season (2017), the use of cover crops combined with PE mulching had a beneficial effect on soil the pH, the water-stable aggregate index, and the availability of Ca, Mg, B and Fe. Covering the soil with black PE mulch during the winter (in both the vetch and the vetch-rye treatments), increased celery yield, compared with the transparent PE mulch and the untreated soil. The use of black PE mulch in the vetch treatment and transparent PE mulch in the vetch-rye treatment reduced soil organic carbon.

中文翻译：

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有毛紫云英（Vicia villosa Roth.）和紫云英（Secale creame L.）双作覆盖作物和地膜覆盖在有机管理下高地道蔬菜生产中的作用

摘要 在高地隧道的有机系统中评估了覆盖作物对土壤理化性质和以下经济作物产量的影响。两年研究中的作物顺序是：野豌豆或野豌豆黑麦，其次是西葫芦（Cucurbita pepo），然后是 2016 年的生菜（Lactuca sativa L）和 2017 年的芹菜（Apium grayolens L.）。作物，在冬季第一个季节结束时，使用两层覆盖物（黑色和透明聚乙烯 (PE) 薄膜）覆盖土壤。独立生长的紫云英与黑麦混合物之间的生物量差异不显着，但紫云英生物量中积累的氮总量（252 kg N ha-1）大于紫云英-黑麦混合物（174 kg N ha-1）。覆盖作物的使用改善了第一季（2016 年）的土壤特性，包括水稳性团聚体指数和土壤有机质。在第二个季节（2017 年），使用覆盖作物结合 PE 覆盖对土壤的 pH 值、水稳性团聚体指数以及 Ca、Mg、B 和 Fe 的有效性产生了有益的影响。与透明 PE 覆盖物和未经处理的土壤相比，在冬季用黑色 PE 覆盖物覆盖土壤（在野豌豆和野豌豆-黑麦处理中），芹菜产量增加。在野豌豆处理中使用黑色 PE 覆盖物和在野豌豆-黑麦处理中使用透明 PE 覆盖物降低了土壤有机碳。水稳定性聚集指数，以及 Ca、Mg、B 和 Fe 的可用性。与透明 PE 覆盖物和未经处理的土壤相比，在冬季用黑色 PE 覆盖物覆盖土壤（在野豌豆和野豌豆-黑麦处理中），芹菜产量增加。在野豌豆处理中使用黑色 PE 覆盖物和在野豌豆-黑麦处理中使用透明 PE 覆盖物降低了土壤有机碳。水稳定性聚集指数，以及 Ca、Mg、B 和 Fe 的可用性。与透明 PE 覆盖物和未经处理的土壤相比，在冬季用黑色 PE 覆盖物覆盖土壤（在野豌豆和野豌豆-黑麦处理中），芹菜产量增加。在野豌豆处理中使用黑色 PE 覆盖物和在野豌豆-黑麦处理中使用透明 PE 覆盖物降低了土壤有机碳。