Should we trust business literature that celebrates managerial control of communication through the implementation of a hierarchically governed telephone network? Why, then, must firms like the Renault automobile company constantly recall the rules? My thesis is that these instructions, repeated in parrot-like fashion, reveal a failure of the head staff to control a technology in constant evolution that was adopted at minimum cost and assimilated by employees who adapt it to their own practical needs. I assert that visual documents constitute an interesting option in internal communication, one that literature on management has historically underestimated. How might they question the supremacy of written archives, on which most historical studies are based? What do visual documents specifically offer to the history of corporate telephone practices and oral business communication?

中文翻译：

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失控：雷诺的电话网络、可视化文件和商务对话管理，1911-1939

我们应该相信通过实施分层管理的电话网络来庆祝对通信的管理控制的商业文献吗？那么，为什么像雷诺汽车公司这样的公司必须不断地回忆这些规则呢？我的论点是，这些指令以鹦鹉学舌的方式重复，揭示了领导层未能控制不断进化的技术，该技术以最低成本采用并被员工吸收，使其适应自己的实际需求。我断言，视觉文件是内部交流中的一个有趣选择，而管理文献历来低估了这一选择。他们如何质疑书面档案的至高无上，大多数历史研究基于哪些？可视化文档对公司电话实践和口头商务交流的历史有何特别之处？