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Black Artists Make the Scene in Los Angeles
Art Journal Pub Date : 2018-04-03 , DOI: 10.1080/00043249.2018.1495537
Bridget R. Cooks

In South of Pico: African American Artists in Los Angeles in the 1960s and 1970s, the scholar, curator, and MacArthur fellow Kellie Jones crafts a narrative of artistic determination, experimentation, and place making. Jones provides deeper comprehension of the individual talents, sacriices, and hopes of black artists in Los Angeles in this twenty-year period. The story she tells connects with a familiar historical trajectory of African American struggles in the national context: the persistent search for a space of liberation, escape from racist constriction, and the possibility of creative freedom. Jones presents exhaustive research and detailed information within a framework of migration and experimentation. She eloquently discusses the promises of migration as both real and ideal, physical and conceptual. “For African Americans, moving west represented a relocation toward the openness of possibilities, a place without the same sedimented authority. It was a move toward nonixity and lexibility, the no-place of utopia. In this sense, the West became interchangeable with other locales that African Americans imagined ofered prosperity and freedom from brutality and second-class citizenship. Was it a space in this country or a space in the world? Was it California, Africa, or Kansas?” (5). The desire for space to create and lourish was a search for safety, “whether actual sites in the world or positions in the global imagination” (7). Los Angeles was a place to explore the possibility for a California dream because “the West did not have the same histories of black enslavement as the South did, the African American westerner remained an ambivalent igure to a certain degree; she was not so much an individual as she was a representative of the masses, a notion that unleashed the white supremacist fear of a black planet” (8). Jones points out that, as the saying goes, “south of Pico” is where black people live in Los Angeles. (The corollary to this phrase is “north of Wilshire,” an area considered a white and wealthy constellation of neighborhoods). Although, as she admits, this colloquial phrase does not account for all blacks in Los Angeles, the phrase does account for a historical collection of “major black communities, from the core of Central Avenue to Watts and Compton south, to Leimert Park and Baldwin Hills to the west and north, areas where the more aluent were able to move

中文翻译:

黑人艺术家在洛杉矶大放异彩

在皮科南部:1960 年代和 1970 年代洛杉矶的非洲裔美国艺术家中,学者、策展人和麦克阿瑟研究员凯莉·琼斯(Kellie Jones)讲述了艺术决心、实验和场所营造的叙事。琼斯更深入地理解了这二十年间洛杉矶黑人艺术家的个人才能、牺牲和希望。她讲述的故事与国家背景下非裔美国人斗争的一个熟悉的历史轨迹有关:对解放空间的不懈追求,摆脱种族主义束缚,以及创作自由的可能性。琼斯在迁移和实验的框架内提供了详尽的研究和详细信息。她雄辩地讨论了移民的承诺,既是现实的又是理想的,是物理的还是概念的。“对于非裔美国人来说,向西移动代表着向可能性开放的方向迁移,一个没有同样沉淀权威的地方。这是一个走向无定性和灵活性,乌托邦的无处所。从这个意义上说,西方变得可以与非裔美国人想象的其他地方可以互换,提供繁荣和免于暴行和二等公民的自由。是这个国家的空间还是世界的空间?是加利福尼亚、非洲还是堪萨斯?” (5). 对空间创造和繁荣的渴望是对安全的追求,“无论是世界上的实际地点还是全球想象中的位置”(7)。洛杉矶是一个探索加州梦可能性的地方,因为“西方没有像南方那样被黑人奴役的历史,非洲裔美国人在某种程度上仍然是一个矛盾的形象;她与其说是个人,不如说是大众的代表,这一观念引发了白人至上主义对黑色星球的恐惧”(8)。琼斯指出,俗话说,“皮科以南”是洛杉矶黑人居住的地方。(这句话的推论是“威尔希尔以北”,该地区被认为是白人富裕的街区)。虽然,正如她承认的那样,这个口语短语并不能说明洛杉矶的所有黑人,但该短语确实说明了“主要黑人社区的历史集合,从中央大道的核心到瓦茨和康普顿以南,再到莱默特公园和鲍德温西部和北部的山丘,更明显的地区能够移动 一种释放白人至上主义对黑色星球恐惧的观念”(8)。琼斯指出,俗话说,“皮科以南”是洛杉矶黑人居住的地方。(这句话的推论是“威尔希尔以北”,该地区被认为是白人富裕的街区)。虽然,正如她承认的那样,这个口语短语并不能说明洛杉矶的所有黑人,但该短语确实说明了“主要黑人社区的历史集合,从中央大街的核心到瓦茨和康普顿以南,再到莱默特公园和鲍德温西部和北部的山丘,更明显的地区能够移动 一种释放白人至上主义对黑色星球恐惧的观念”(8)。琼斯指出,俗话说,“皮科以南”是洛杉矶黑人居住的地方。(这句话的推论是“威尔希尔以北”,该地区被认为是白人富裕的街区)。虽然,正如她承认的那样,这个口语短语并不能说明洛杉矶的所有黑人,但该短语确实说明了“主要黑人社区的历史集合,从中央大街的核心到瓦茨和康普顿以南,再到莱默特公园和鲍德温西部和北部的山丘,更明显的地区能够移动 ”一个被认为是白人富裕社区的地区)。虽然,正如她承认的那样,这个口语短语并不能说明洛杉矶的所有黑人,但该短语确实说明了“主要黑人社区的历史集合,从中央大街的核心到瓦茨和康普顿以南,再到莱默特公园和鲍德温西部和北部的山丘,更明显的地区能够移动 ”一个被认为是白人富裕社区的地区)。虽然,正如她承认的那样,这个口语短语并不能说明洛杉矶的所有黑人,但该短语确实说明了“主要黑人社区的历史集合,从中央大街的核心到瓦茨和康普顿以南,再到莱默特公园和鲍德温西部和北部的山丘,更明显的地区能够移动
更新日期:2018-04-03
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