Purpose Because of the bioaccumulation effect, organophosphorus pesticides cause long-term damage to mammals, even at small concentrations. The ability to perturb the phospholipid bilayer structure as well as the overstimulation of cholinergic receptors makes them hazardous to humans. Therefore, there is a need for a quick and inexpensive detection of organophosphorus pesticides for agricultural and household use. As organophosphorus pesticides are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, biosensors using this mechanism hold a great promise to meet these requirements with a fraction of reagents and time used for measurement comparing to laboratory methods. This study aims to manufacture AChE-coated, screen-printed carbon electrodes applicable in such amperometric biosensors. Design/methodology/approach AChE enzyme, known for catalytic activity for the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine (ATCh), could be used to obtain electrochemically active thiocholine from acetylthiocholine chloride in aqueous solutions. Using Malathion’s inhibitory effect towards AChE, pesticides’ presence can be detected by reduction of anodic oxidation peaks of thiocholine in cyclic voltammetry. Findings The conducted research proved that it is possible to detect pesticides using low-cost, simple-to-manufacture screen-printed graphite (GR) electrodes with an enzymatic (AChE) coating. Investigated electrodes displayed significant catalytic activity to the hydrolysis of ATCh. Owing to inhibition effect of the enzyme, amperometric response of the samples decreased in pesticide-spiked solution, allowing determination of organophosphorus pesticides. Originality/value Printed electronics has grown significantly in recent years as well as research focused on carbon-based nanocomposites. Yet, the utilization of carbon nanocomposites in screen-printed electronics is still considered a novelty in the market. Biosensors have proved useful not only in laboratory conditions but also in home applications, as glucometers are a superior solution for glucose determination for personal use. Although pesticides could be detected accurately using chromatography, spectroscopy, spectrometry or spectrophotometry, the market lacks low-cost, disposable solutions for pesticide detection applicable for household use. With biosensing techniques and electric paths screen-printed with GR or graphene nanocomposites, this preliminary research focuses on meeting these needs.

中文翻译：

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用于测定有机磷农药的一次性乙酰胆碱酯酶涂层丝网印刷碳电极

目的 由于生物蓄积效应，有机磷农药即使在很小的浓度下也会对哺乳动物造成长期损害。扰乱磷脂双层结构的能力以及胆碱能受体的过度刺激使它们对人类有害。因此，需要对农业和家庭使用的有机磷农药进行快速且廉价的检测。由于有机磷农药是乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 抑制剂，因此与实验室方法相比，使用这种机制的生物传感器有望通过用于测量的一小部分试剂和时间来满足这些要求。本研究旨在制造适用于此类电流生物传感器的 AChE 涂层、丝网印刷碳电极。设计/方法/途径 AChE 酶，已知具有水解乙酰硫代胆碱 (ATCh) 的催化活性，可用于从水溶液中的乙酰硫代胆碱氯化物中获得电化学活性的硫代胆碱。利用马拉硫磷对 AChE 的抑制作用，可以通过循环伏安法中硫胆碱阳极氧化峰的还原来检测农药的存在。结果 进行的研究证明，使用具有酶促 (AChE) 涂层的低成本、易于制造的丝网印刷石墨 (GR) 电极可以检测农药。研究的电极对 ATCh 的水解显示出显着的催化活性。由于酶的抑制作用，样品在农药加标溶液中的电流响应降低，从而可以测定有机磷农药。原创性/价值 近年来，印刷电子产品以及专注于碳基纳米复合材料的研究显着增长。然而，碳纳米复合材料在丝网印刷电子产品中的应用仍然被认为是市场上的新鲜事物。事实证明，生物传感器不仅在实验室条件下有用，而且在家庭应用中也很有用，因为血糖仪是用于个人使用的葡萄糖测定的卓越解决方案。尽管使用色谱法、光谱法、光谱法或分光光度法可以准确检测农药，但市场缺乏适用于家庭使用的低成本、一次性农药检测解决方案。通过生物传感技术和用 GR 或石墨烯纳米复合材料丝网印刷的电路径，这项初步研究的重点是满足这些需求。