ABSTRACT The late middle Miocene fossil-bearing lignite zones of the Mae Moh Basin, northern Thailand, have yielded a rich vertebrate fauna, including two species of Carnivora described thus far: the bunodont otter Siamogale thailandica (known from over a 100 specimens) and the large amphicyonid Maemohcyon potisati. Here we describe additional carnivoran material from Mae Moh comprising new remains of Maemohcyon potisati as well as remains of seven new carnivorans belonging to at least four families: a new species of Siamogale (S. bounosa), a new species of another otter (Vishnuonyx maemohensis), one representative of the genus Pseudarctos (a small amphicyonid), a new genus of Asian palm civet, Siamictis, one representative of another civet (cf. Viverra sp.), a new species of mongoose (Leptoplesictis peignei) and a Feliformia indet. This carnivoran assemblage constitutes one of the richest for the middle Miocene of eastern Asia and by far the richest for the Neogene of Southeast Asia. While the presence of new species indicates a certain degree of endemism for the Mae Moh Basin, paleobiogeographic cluster analyses conducted on carnivoran faunas from the middle and late Miocene of Asia indicates that a southern Asian biogeographic province, analogous to the current Oriental Realm, has existed since at least the middle Miocene. These results strengthen the observation that the Himalayan Mountains and Tibetan Plateau constitute significant physical barriers as well as an important climatic barrier (through the strengthening of monsoon systems) preventing north-south mammal dispersals in Asia since at least the middle Miocene.

中文翻译：

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泰国北部中新世晚期 Mae Moh 盆地：东南亚最丰富的新近纪食肉动物组合和中新世亚洲食肉动物的古生物地理分析

摘要 泰国北部 Mae Moh 盆地中中新世晚期含有化石的褐煤带产生了丰富的脊椎动物群，包括迄今为止描述的两种食肉目：泰国水獭 Siamogale thailandica（已知来自 100 多个标本）和大型两栖动物 Maemohcyon potisati。在这里，我们描述了来自 Mae Moh 的其他食肉动物材料，包括 Maemohcyon potisati 的新遗骸以及属于至少四个科的七种新食肉动物的遗骸：Siamogale (S. bounosa) 的一个新物种，另一种水獭 (Vishnuonyx maemohensis) 的新物种），Pseudarctos 属（一种小型两栖动物）的一个代表，亚洲棕榈果子狸的一个新属 Siamictis，另一个果子狸的一个代表（参见 Viverra sp.），一个新的猫鼬种（Leptoplesictis peignei）和一个 Feliformia indet . 这种食肉动物组合是东亚中中新世最丰富的组合之一，也是东南亚新近纪迄今为止最丰富的组合。虽然新物种的存在表明湄摩盆地有一定程度的特有性，但对来自亚洲中新世中晚期的食肉动物群进行的古生物地理聚类分析表明，与目前的东方领域类似的南亚生物地理省已经存在至少从中新世开始。这些结果加强了对喜马拉雅山脉和青藏高原构成重要的物理障碍以及重要的气候障碍（通过季风系统的加强）至少从中新世中期开始阻止亚洲南北哺乳动物扩散的观察结果。