ABSTRACT Stingless bees (Apinae: Corbiculata: Meliponini) are biologically and culturally important pollinators within the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. However, limited information is available for the majority of the species. Biological and systematic data are presented for a new species of Trigonisca Moure, from the arid region of La Guajira, Colombia. The genus is part of the distinctive Trigonisca genus group, noteworthy for its position as the earliest diverging extant lineage of neotropical stingless bees. We briefly diagnose the genus group and provide a key to the genera and subgenera of the Trigonisca genus group, along with the description of Exochotrigona Engel, new subgenus. We also outline the species occurring in Colombia and present a description for Trigonisca (Trigonisca) mepecheu Engel and Gonzalez, new species, including accounts of all three castes. A single, poorly preserved egg is noteworthy because of its extremely small size. Its chorion is extensively covered by a surface pattern of elevated geometric figures, as seems to be characteristic of the Meliponini. The robust mature larva, though remarkably small, exhibits extensive spiculation of dorsal body surfaces and most body segments with small, paired dorsolateral tubercles. In addition, the labral apex exhibits an apical patch of recently discovered multipronged spicules intermixed with various sensory sensilla. These morphological features of immature stages, where known, are similar to those previously reported for other Meliponini. We document the internal architecture of nests of T. mepecheu, which we found in trunks of Stenocereus griseus (Haw.) Buxb. (Cactaceae) and more commonly in Libidibia coriaria (Jacq.) Schltdl. (Fabaceae), along with nests of the only other stingless bee from La Guajira, Melipona favosa (Fabricius). Nests were also found in the sides of manufactured structures. The indigenous Wayúu harvest stingless-bee honey and have specific names in Wayuunaiki for the two species occurring in the region, although there is apparently an oral tradition in which the honey of T. mepecheu causes blindness. Trigonisca (Trigonisca) ameliae Penney from Colombian copal is a new junior synonym of T. (T.) schulthessi (Friese).

中文翻译：

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来自哥伦比亚北部的 Trigonisca 新种的巢结构、未成熟阶段和民族昆虫学（膜翅目：蜂科）

摘要 无刺蜂（Apinae：Corbiculata：Meliponini）是世界热带和亚热带地区重要的生物学和文化传粉媒介。然而，大多数物种的可用信息有限。提供了来自哥伦比亚拉瓜希拉干旱地区的 Trigonisca Moure 新物种的生物学和系统数据。该属是独特的 Trigonisca 属群的一部分，值得注意的是其作为新热带无刺蜂的最早分流现存谱系的地位。我们简要诊断了该属群，并提供了 Trigonisca 属群的属和亚属的关键，以及对新亚属 Exochotrigona Engel 的描述。我们还概述了在哥伦比亚发生的物种，并介绍了 Trigonisca (Trigonisca) mepecheu Engel 和 Gonzalez，新物种，包括所有三个种姓的帐户。一个保存不佳的鸡蛋因其极小的尺寸而值得注意。它的绒毛膜被高高的几何图形的表面图案广泛覆盖，这似乎是 Meliponini 的特征。强壮的成熟幼虫虽然非常小，但在体背表面和大多数体节上有广泛的毛刺，具有小的、成对的背外侧结节。此外，唇尖展示了一个最近发现的多叉针尖与各种感觉器混合的顶端斑块。已知的未成熟阶段的这些形态特征与先前报道的其他 Meliponini 的特征相似。我们记录了在 Stenocereus griseus (Haw.) Buxb 的树干中发现的 T. mepecheu 巢穴的内部结构。（仙人掌科），更常见于 Libidibia coriaria (Jacq.) Schltdl。（豆科），以及来自 La Guajira、Melipona favosa (Fabricius) 的唯一其他无刺蜜蜂的巢。在人造结构的侧面也发现了巢穴。土生土长的 Wayúu 人收获无刺蜂蜂蜜，并在 Wayuunaiki 中为该地区出现的两个物种命名，尽管显然有口述传统，T. mepecheu 的蜂蜜会导致失明。Trigonisca (Trigonisca) ameliae Penney 来自哥伦比亚的copal 是T. (T.) schulthessi (Friese) 的新同义词。土生土长的 Wayúu 人收获无刺蜂蜂蜜，并在 Wayuunaiki 中为该地区出现的两个物种命名，尽管显然有口述传统认为 T. mepecheu 的蜂蜜会导致失明。Trigonisca (Trigonisca) ameliae Penney 来自哥伦比亚的copal 是T. (T.) schulthessi (Friese) 的新同义词。土生土长的 Wayúu 人收获无刺蜂蜂蜜，并在 Wayuunaiki 中为该地区出现的两个物种命名，尽管显然有口述传统，T. mepecheu 的蜂蜜会导致失明。Trigonisca (Trigonisca) ameliae Penney 来自哥伦比亚的copal 是T. (T.) schulthessi (Friese) 的新同义词。