The new genus and species Myrmecicultor chihuahuensis Ramirez, Grismado, and Ubick is described and proposed as the type of the new family, Myrmecicultoridae Ramirez, Grismado, and Ubick. The species is ecribellate, with entelegyne genitalia, two tarsal claws, without claw tufts, and the males have a retrolateral palpal tibial apophysis. Some morphological characters suggest a possible relationship with Zodariidae or Prodidomidae, but the phylogenetic analysis of six markers from the mitochondrial (12S rDNA, 16S rDNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit I) and nuclear (histone H3, 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA) genomes indicate that M. chihuahuensis is a separate lineage emerging near the base of the Dionycha and the Oval Calamistrum clade. The same result is obtained when the molecular data are combined with a dataset of morphological characters. Specimens of M. chihuahuensis were found associated with three species of harvester ants, Pogonomyrmex rugosus, Novomessor albisetosis, and Novomessor cockerelli, and were collected in pitfall traps when the ants are most active. The known distribution spans the Big Bend region of Texas (Presidio, Brewster, and Hudspeth counties), to Coahuila (Cuatro Cienegas) and Aguascalientes (Tepezala), Mexico.

中文翻译：

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Myrmecicultoridae，来自奇瓦环沙漠（Araneae：Entelegynae）的新家族Myrmecophilic蜘蛛

新属和种 Myrmecicultor chihuahuensis Ramirez、Grismado 和 Ubick 被描述并提议作为新科 Myrmecicultoridae Ramirez、Grismado 和 Ubick 的类型。该物种是卵形的，具有 entelegyne 生殖器，两个跗骨爪，没有爪簇，雄性有一个后外侧的胫骨骨突。一些形态特征表明可能与 Zodariidae 或 Prodidomidae 有关系，但来自线粒体（12S rDNA、16S rDNA、细胞色素氧化酶亚基 I）和核（组蛋白 H3、18S rDNA、28S rDNA）基因组的六个标记的系统发育分析表明 M . chihuahuensis 是一个独立的谱系，出现在 Dionycha 和 Oval Calamistrum 进化枝的基部附近。当分子数据与形态特征数据集结合时，得到相同的结果。M的标本 chihuahuensis 被发现与三种收获蚁（Pogonomyrmex rugosus、Novomessor albisetosis 和 Novomessor cockerelli）有关，并在蚂蚁最活跃时被收集在陷阱陷阱中。已知分布跨越德克萨斯州的大弯地区（普雷西迪奥、布鲁斯特和哈德斯佩斯县），到墨西哥的科阿韦拉（Cuatro Cienegas）和阿瓜斯卡连特斯（Tepezala）。