This study investigates the use of a vespagram-based approach as a tool for multi-directional comparison between simulated microbarom soundscapes and infrasound data recorded at ground-based array stations. Data recorded at the IS37 station in northern Norway during 2014–2019 have been processed to generate vespagrams (velocity spectral analysis) for five frequency bands between 0.1 and 0.6 Hz. The back azimuth resolution between the vespagram and the microbarom model is harmonized by smoothing the modeled soundscapes along the back azimuth axis with a kernel corresponding to the frequency-dependent array resolution. An estimate of similarity between the output of the microbarom radiation and propagation model and infrasound observations is then generated based on the image-processing approach of the mean square difference. The analysis reveals that vespagrams can monitor seasonal variations in the microbarom azimuthal distribution, amplitude, and frequency, as well as changes during sudden stratospheric warming events. The vespagram-based approach is computationally inexpensive, can uncover microbarom source variability, and has the potential for near-real-time stratospheric diagnostics and atmospheric model assessment.

中文翻译：

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针对次声记录对微气压辐射和传播模型进行基准测试：一种基于 vespagram 的方法

本研究调查了使用基于 vespagram 的方法作为模拟微气压声景和在地面阵列站记录的次声数据之间多方向比较的工具。2014-2019 年在挪威北部 IS37 站记录的数据已经过处理，以生成 0.1 到 0.6 Hz之间五个频段的 vespagram（速度谱分析） . vespagram 和 microbarom 模型之间的后方位分辨率通过使用与频率相关的阵列分辨率对应的内核平滑沿后方位轴的建模声景来协调。然后基于均方差的图像处理方法生成微气压辐射和传播模型的输出与次声观测之间的相似性估计。分析表明，vespagrams 可以监测微气压方位角分布、幅度和频率的季节性变化，以及平流层突然变暖事件期间的变化。基于 vespagram 的方法计算成本低，可以揭示微气压源的变异性，并具有近实时平流层诊断和大气模型评估的潜力。