In the context of South Korea, characterized by increasing population aging and a changing family structure, this study examined differences in the risk of cognitive impairment by marital status and investigated whether this association differs by gender. The data were derived from the 2006–2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. The sample comprised 7,568 respondents aged 45 years or older, who contributed 30,414 person-year observations. Event history analysis was used to predict the odds of cognitive impairment by marital status and gender. Relative to their married counterparts, never-married and divorced people were the most disadvantaged in terms of cognitive health. In addition, the association between marital status and cognitive impairment was much stronger for men than for women. Further, gender-stratified analyses showed that, compared with married men, never-married men had a higher risk of cognitive impairment, but there were no significant effects of marital status for women.

在以人口老龄化加剧和家庭结构变化为特征的韩国的背景下，本研究检查了婚姻状况对认知障碍风险的差异，并调查了这种关联是否因性别而异。数据来自 2006-2018 年韩国老龄化纵向研究。样本包括 7,568 名年龄在 45 岁或以上的受访者，他们贡献了 30,414 人年的观察结果。事件历史分析用于预测婚姻状况和性别认知障碍的几率。相对于已婚人士，未婚和离婚人士在认知健康方面处于最不利地位。此外，男性的婚姻状况与认知障碍之间的关联比女性强得多。此外，性别分层分析表明，