Synchronous homopolar motors (SHMs) have been attracting the attention of researchers for many decades. They are used in a variety of equipment such as aircraft and train generators, welding inverters, and as traction motors. Various mathematical models of SHMs have been proposed to deal with their complicated magnetic circuit. However, mathematical techniques for optimizing SHMs have not yet been proposed. This paper discusses various aspects of the optimal design of traction SHMs, applying the one-criterion unconstrained Nelder–Mead method. The considered motor is intended for use in a mining dump truck with a carrying capacity of 90 tons. The objective function for the SHM optimization was designed to reduce/improve the following main characteristics: total motor power loss, maximum winding current, and torque ripple. One of the difficulties in optimizing SHMs is the three-dimensional structure of their magnetic core, which usually requires the use of a three-dimensional finite element model. However, in this study, an original two-dimensional finite element model of a SHM was used; it allowed the drastic reduction in the computational burden, enabling objective optimization. As a result of optimization, the total losses in the motor decreased by up to 1.16 times and the torque ripple decreased by up to 1.34 times; the maximum armature winding current in the motor mode decreased by 8%.

中文翻译：

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一种牵引同步单极电机的优化设计

几十年来，同步单极电机 (SHM) 一直吸引着研究人员的注意力。它们用于各种设备，如飞机和火车发电机、焊接逆变器和牵引电机。已经提出了各种 SHM 数学模型来处理其复杂的磁路。然而，尚未提出用于优化 SHM 的数学技术。本文讨论了牵引 SHM 优化设计的各个方面，应用了单标准无约束 Nelder-Mead 方法。所考虑的电机旨在用于承载能力为 90 吨的采矿自卸车。SHM 优化的目标函数旨在减少/改善以下主要特性：电机总功率损耗、最大绕组电流和转矩纹波。优化 SHM 的难点之一是其磁芯的三维结构，这通常需要使用三维有限元模型。然而，在本研究中，使用了 SHM 的原始二维有限元模型；它可以显着减少计算负担，从而实现目标优化。优化后，电机总损耗降低1.16倍，转矩脉动降低1.34倍；电机模式下的最大电枢绕组电流降低了8%。它可以显着减少计算负担，从而实现目标优化。优化后，电机总损耗降低1.16倍，转矩脉动降低1.34倍；电机模式下的最大电枢绕组电流降低了8%。它可以显着减少计算负担，从而实现目标优化。优化后，电机总损耗降低1.16倍，转矩脉动降低1.34倍；电机模式下的最大电枢绕组电流降低了8%。