This study was conducted to verify the perceived restorativeness of citizens visiting forests on social–psychological stress and psychological resilience according to forest space type. The study involved a questionnaire survey conducted on citizens who visited forests between 1 May and 15 July 2020, when social distancing in daily life was being implemented. Three types of forest spaces (urban forest, national park, and natural recreation forest) were selected for the survey. They used the survey results of 1196 people as analysis data for this study. In this study, the PRS (Perceived Restorativeness Scale) and the PWI-SF (Psychosocial Well-being Index Short Form) were used to evaluate perceived restorativeness and social–psychological stress of citizens visiting forests. In the study, the average score of visitors’ perceived restorativeness was 5.31 ± 0.77. Social–psychological stress was found in the healthy group, potential stress group, and high-risk group. These groups made up 8.0%, 82.5%, and 9.5% of the respondents, respectively. Pearson’s correlation analysis between perceived restorativeness and social–psychological stress revealed that the higher the perceived restorativeness, the lower the social–psychological stress. “Diversion Mood”, “Not bored”, and “Coherence”, which are the sub-factors of perceived restorativeness according to the forest space type, were found to have meaningful results for psychological resilience. However, there was no significant difference in the forest space type between “Compatibility” and social–psychological stress, which are sub-factors of perceived restorativeness. In conclusion, the forest space type affects the psychological resilience of those who visit the forest. Urban forests, national parks, and natural recreation forests are places to reduce stress.

中文翻译：

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森林游客感知的恢复性对社会心理压力的影响


本研究旨在验证根据森林空间类型参观森林的公民对社会心理压力和心理复原力的感知恢复能力。该研究对2020年5月1日至7月15日期间访问森林的公民进行了问卷调查，当时正在实施日常生活中的社交距离。选择三种类型的森林空间（城市森林、国家公园和自然休闲森林）进行调查。他们使用了1196人的调查结果作为这项研究的分析数据。在本研究中，PRS（感知恢复量表）和 PWI-SF（心理社会幸福指数简表）用于评估公民参观森林的感知恢复性和社会心理压力。在这项研究中，游客感知到的恢复能力的平均得分为 5.31 ± 0.77。健康组、潜在压力组和高危组均存在社会心理压力。这些群体分别占受访者的8.0%、82.5%和9.5%。皮尔逊对感知恢复性与社会心理压力之间的相关性分析表明，感知恢复性越高，社会心理压力越低。研究发现，“消遣情绪”、“不无聊”和“连贯性”是根据森林空间类型感知恢复性的子因素，对心理弹性有有意义的结果。然而，“兼容性”和社会心理压力（感知恢复性的子因素）之间的森林空间类型没有显着差异。总之，森林空间类型影响森林游览者的心理弹性。 城市森林、国家公园和自然休闲森林是减轻压力的地方。