In addition to the classic biotic and abiotic factors that have disrupted the health of forests throughout history, lately, the balance of forest ecosystems has been disturbed by different phenomena such as climate change, pollution, and, especially, biological invasions of invasive alien species. One of the alien species that has invaded Europe relatively quickly is an insect species of North American origin, the oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata Say, 1832 Heteroptera: Tingidae). In the context of the rapid spread of infestations and the severity of attacks on oak trees in infested forests, this paper aims to assess measures to manage this species in the future. Namely, the effect of aerial chemical treatments on oak lace bug has been investigated with two influencing factors: the mode of insecticide action (contact and systemic) and the treatment volume (low volume and ultra-low volume). The experiment was conducted in two forests over a total area of 350 hectares. The results show that the reduction of the nymph population varied from 91% to 96%. However, the residual population was sufficient to allow differentiated re-infestations over time, more quickly after contact insecticide sprays (22 days after treatment) and slowly after systemic insecticide sprays (more than a month after treatment). This re-infestation time difference had implications on attack intensity as well, with stronger leaf discoloration observed in areas treated with a contact insecticide compared with those treated with a systemic insecticide.

中文翻译：

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橡树林中外来入侵物种 Corythucha arcuata（Say，1832）的化学控制

除了历史上破坏森林健康的经典生物和非生物因素外，最近，森林生态系统的平衡还受到气候变化、污染，尤其是外来入侵物种的生物入侵等不同现象的干扰。相对较快地入侵欧洲的外来物种之一是北美起源的昆虫物种，橡树花边虫（Corythucha arcuata比如说，1832 年异翅目：Tingidae）。在侵染迅速蔓延和受侵染森林中橡树遭受袭击的严重性的背景下，本文旨在评估未来管理该物种的措施。即，已经研究了空中化学处理对橡树花边虫的影响有两个影响因素：杀虫剂作用方式（接触和系统）和处理量（低量和超低量）。试验在总面积为 350 公顷的两片森林中进行。结果表明若虫种群的减少从91%到96%不等。然而，随着时间的推移，剩余的种群足以允许分化的重新感染，接触杀虫剂喷雾后（治疗后 22 天）更快，全身杀虫剂喷雾后（治疗后一个多月）速度更慢。这种再侵染时间差异对攻击强度也有影响，与使用内吸性杀虫剂处理的区域相比，在使用接触杀虫剂处理的区域中观察到的叶片变色更严重。