Giardia duodenalis is a flagellated protozoan that is responsible for many cases of diarrheal disease worldwide and is characterized by its great divergence from the model organisms commonly used in studies of basic cellular processes. The life cycle of Giardia involves an infectious cyst form and a proliferative and mobile trophozoite form. Each Giardia trophozoite has two nuclei and a complex microtubule cytoskeleton that consists of eight flagellar axonemes, basal bodies, the adhesive disc, the funis and the median body. Since the success of Giardia infecting other organisms depends on its ability to divide and proliferate efficiently, Giardia must coordinate its cell division to ensure the duplication and partitioning of both nuclei and the multiple cytoskeletal structures. The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge about cell division and its regulation in this protist.

十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫是一种有鞭毛的原生动物，它是世界范围内许多腹泻病病例的罪魁祸首，其特点是与基本细胞过程研究中常用的模式生物存在很大差异。贾第虫的生命周期包括感染性包囊形式和增殖性和移动性滋养体形式。每个贾第鞭毛虫滋养体都有两个细胞核和一个复杂的微管细胞骨架，由八个鞭毛轴丝、基体、粘着盘、弓形体和中体组成。由于贾第虫感染其他生物的成功取决于其有效分裂和增殖的能力，因此贾第虫必须协调其细胞分裂以确保细胞核和多个细胞骨架结构的复制和分配。本综述的目的是总结当前关于该原生生物细胞分裂及其调控的知识。