ABSTRACT

A phylogenetic analysis of nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), nuc rDNA 28S domains D1–D2 (28S), and the region between conserved domains 6 and 7 of RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) from multiple species of Alpova and Melanogaster revealed four major clades, proposed here as distinct genera: Melanogaster, Alpova s. str. containing the type species A. cinnamomeus, Neoalpova for the species around N. rubescens, and the new genus Paralpova, proposed here for P. artikutzensis, sp. nov. Alpova, Neoalpova, and Paralpova form a monophyletic lineage of hypogeous fungi with a pseudoparenchymatic structure in their peridium (at least in the inner layer) that could be interpreted as a single genus, but they are separated due to distinct morphological and ecological traits. Alpova s. str. is employed for species strictly associated with Alnus, lacking a conspicuous odor, and producing relatively small basidiomata and basidiospores <10 µm long. Neoalpova and Paralpova occur under other hosts, present a conspicuous odor, have larger basidiomata and basidiospores than Alpova, and have a prosenchymatic peridiopellis. Finally, Paralpova is characterized by the yellowish gleba, monosporic or bisporic basidia, and basidiospores >15 µm long with a mean length/width ratio (Q_m) of <2.0. In addition, two new species of Neoalpova are proposed: N. arenicola, associated with Mediterranean forests in sandy soils and with spores slightly smaller and wider than those of N. rubescens, and N. montecchii, a cryptic species very similar to N. rubescens but for its putatively smaller peridiopellis elements and its genetic profile.

摘要

nuc rDNA 内部转录间隔区 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS)、nuc rDNA 28S 域 D1-D2 (28S) 以及 RNA 聚合酶 II 第二大亚基 ( RPB2 )保守域 6 和 7 之间的区域的系统发育分析来自Alpova和Melanogaster 的多个物种揭示了四个主要的进化枝，这里提出作为不同的属：Melanogaster、Alpova s。海峡 包含模式种A. cinnamomeus、N. rubescens周围物种的Neoalpova和新属Paralpova，此处提议用于P. artikutzensis , sp。十一月 阿尔波娃、新阿尔波娃和帕拉尔波娃形成单系真菌的单系谱系，在它们的外皮（至少在内层）具有假实质结构，可以解释为单一属，但由于不同的形态和生态特征，它们被分开。Alpova秒。海峡 用于与Alnus严格相关的物种，没有明显的气味，并且产生相对较小的担子体和 <10 µm 长的担子孢子。Neoalpova和Paralpova发生在其他寄主下，呈现出明显的气味，具有比Alpova更大的担子体和担子孢子，并具有前充质的peridiopellis。最后，帕拉尔波娃的特征在于，所述微黄色gleba，单孢子或双孢菇担子，和担孢子>为15μm长，平均长/宽比（Q_米的<2.0）此外，两个新品种Neoalpova提出：N.沙柳，在沙质土壤地中海森林和孢子比略小和更广泛的相关N.冬凌草，和N. montecchii，一个神秘的物种很相似N.冬凌草但由于其假定的较小的peridiopellis元素及其遗传特征。