Thermal stratification in reservoirs resuspends manganese (Mn) from the bottom layer to the top layer. When the water from this top layer is taken for the treatment of potable water supply, removal of Mn becomes essential. The Foster Water Treatment Plant (FWTP) situated in South Gippsland, Australia applies KMnO₄ to remove Mn. It also uses powdered activated carbon (PAC) remove odour causing compounds such as geosmin and 2-Methyl-Isoborneol (MIB). This study aims to investigate an optimal KMnO₄ dosing strategy including (i) optimizing the dosage of KMnO₄, (ii) dosing order of PAC and soda ash/KMnO₄ and (iii) the retention time required for the oxidation of Mn(2+) by KMnO₄ and for the adsorption by PAC. The results showed that (a) the removal rate of [Mn(2+)+Mn(7+)] in the filtered water increased with higher dosage of KMnO₄ in both dosing orders; (b) the removal of Mn(2+) neither at the entry point (after adding PAC and KMnO₄) nor in the filtered water was impacted significantly by the increase in the dosage of KMnO₄ when the dosage was 4 times higher than the concentration of Mn(2+) present in the raw water; (c) for a given KMnO₄ dosage, there were no significant changes in the removal of [Mn(2+)+Mn(7+)] and Mn(2+) at the entry point and in the filtered water when the retention times ranged from 5 to 15 min in both order of dosing; (d) for a given KMnO₄ dosage, Order 1 had higher removal of total Mn compared to that of Order 2 (Order 1 is the addition of PAC before adding soda ash to increase the alkalinity and then adding KMnO₄ and Order 2 is the addition of soda ash and KMnO₄ before adding PAC); (e) higher removal of [Mn(2+)+Mn(7+)] was obtained in Order 2 compared to that of Order 1 for a given dosage of KMnO₄; (f) for the Mn(2+), the removal did not change with the order of dosing of KMnO₄ and PAC. It could be concluded that dosing KMnO₄ with four times the concentration of Mn(2+) present in raw water and providing 10 min retention time for the oxidation can be a suitable dosing strategy in FWTP and dosing order has no impact on achieving the Mn removal required.

储层中的热分层使锰 (Mn) 从底层重新悬浮到顶层。当该顶层的水用于处理饮用水供应时，去除 Mn 变得必不可少。位于澳大利亚南吉普斯兰的福斯特水处理厂 (FWTP) 使用 KMnO ₄去除锰。它还使用粉状活性炭 (PAC) 去除引起异味的化合物，如土臭素和 2-甲基异冰片 (MIB)。本研究的目的是调查最佳的KMnO ₄的给药策略包括：（i）优化的KMnO的剂量₄，（ⅱ）给药PAC和苏打灰/高锰酸钾的顺序₄和（iii）用于Mn的氧化所需要的保留时间（2 +) 由 KMnO ₄和 PAC 的吸附。结果表明：(a) 过滤水中[Mn(2+)+Mn(7+)]的去除率随着KMnO ₄用量的增加而增加；(b)当KMnO ₄用量增加4 倍时，无论是在入口点（加入 PAC 和 KMnO _{4 后}）还是过滤水中Mn(2+) 的去除都不受 KMnO ₄用量增加的显着影响。原水中存在的 Mn(2+) 浓度；(c) 对于给定的 KMnO ₄剂量，在入口点和过滤水中的 [Mn(2+)+Mn(7+)] 和 Mn(2+) 去除率没有显着变化两种给药顺序的时间范围为 5 至 15 分钟；(d) 对于给定的 KMnO ₄用量，顺序1比顺序2具有更高的总Mn去除率（顺序1是在加入纯碱提高碱度之前加入PAC，然后加入KMnO ₄和顺序2是在加入纯碱和KMnO ₄之前加入纯碱和KMnO ₄添加PAC）；(e) 对于给定的 KMnO ₄剂量，与顺序 1 相比，顺序 2 获得了更高的 [Mn(2+)+Mn(7+)] 去除率；(f) 对于 Mn(2+)，去除不随 KMnO ₄和 PAC的添加顺序而变化。可以得出结论，添加 KMnO ₄ 原水中存在四倍 Mn(2+) 浓度并为氧化提供 10 分钟保留时间可以是 FWTP 中合适的投加策略，投加顺序对实现所需的 Mn 去除没有影响。