Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to self-isolation and business interruptions around the world. On the basis of measurements of concentrations of an indicator of aerosol emissions from fuel combustion products—black carbon—it is shown that the decrease in economic activity had a significant effect on the pollution of the Moscow atmosphere. The decrease in the intensity of the traffic and the change in the operating mode of industrial and heat-and-power enterprises of the city during the period of restrictive measures in the spring of 2020 were determined by the dynamics of the daily and weekly trend of black carbon levels. The decrease in the fraction of fossil fuel combustion at this time correlates with the increased contribution of biomass combustion in the residential sector and during agricultural fires around the megalopolis. Changes in the intensity and direction of sources of high concentrations of black carbon were observed during the recovery of economic activity in the summer of 2020. The decrease in the concentration of black carbon and fine particles less than 2.5 μm in size (PM2.5) in the urban atmosphere reflects a decline in economic activity and an improvement in air quality and conditions for maintaining the health of the Moscow population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

中文翻译：

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Covid-19大流行期间限制措施对莫斯科大都市大气气溶胶污染的影响

 抽象的

COVID-19 大流行导致世界各地出现自我隔离和业务中断。根据对燃料燃烧产物气溶胶排放指标——黑碳——浓度的测量结果表明，经济活动的减少对莫斯科大气污染产生了重大影响。 2020年春季限行期间全市交通强度下降情况及工业、热电企业运行模式变化由日、周走势动态确定黑碳含量。此时化石燃料燃烧比例的下降与住宅区和大都市周围农业火灾期间生物质燃烧的贡献增加相关。 2020年夏季经济活动恢复期间，观察到高浓度黑碳来源的强度和方向发生变化。黑碳和粒径小于2.5微米的细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度下降城市大气中的空气质量反映了在 COVID-19 大流行期间经济活动的下降以及空气质量和维持莫斯科人口健康的条件的改善。