Localized crustal magnetization over heavily cratered southern hemisphere at Mars gives rise to open magnetic field configurations which interact with the solar wind magnetic field to form magnetic cusp. The downward acceleration of energetic electrons in these cusps can produce aurora and an extended topside ionospheric structure over regions of magnetic anomalies. We report plasma collisions with the neutral atmosphere at one of the Martian cusps located at 82^oS and 180^oE, where the crustal field is strong with a radial component ~35° from the local zenith. We find that the dynamo region in the upper ionosphere of Mars is located between altitudes of 102 km and 210 km. The electrons in this region are constrained to gyrate along magnetic field lines while ions are dragged by neutrals and move along the direction of applied force. In the absence of the electric field, the horizontal current in the Martian dynamo is generated by the differential motion of ions and electrons. We find that the bulk of the current density is equatorward and confined within the Martian dynamo near the ionospheric peak with a magnitude of ~3.5 µA/m². We also find that the eastward current density of magnitude ~0.4 µA/m² peaking near the upper boundary of the Martian dynamo is generated by magnetized ions in the F × B direction.

火星南半球严重撞击坑的局部地壳磁化产生开放的磁场配置，与太阳风磁场相互作用形成磁尖。这些尖峰中高能电子的向下加速会在磁异常区域产生极光和延伸的上部电离层结构。我们报告了位于 82 ^o S 和 180 ^o的火星尖峰之一与中性大气的等离子体碰撞E，其中地壳场很强，径向分量与当地天顶的距离约为 35°。我们发现火星上电离层的发电机区位于海拔 102 公里和 210 公里之间。该区域中的电子被限制为沿磁场线旋转，而离子被中性线拖动并沿施加力的方向移动。在没有电场的情况下，火星发电机中的水平电流是由离子和电子的微分运动产生的。我们发现大部分电流密度向赤道方向并被限制在电离层峰值附近的火星发电机内，其幅度为~3.5 µA/m ²。我们还发现，向东的电流密度约为 0.4 µA/m ²火星发电机上边界附近的峰值是由F  ×  B方向的磁化离子产生的。