Hydrogel-based supercapacitors with excellent mechanical properties can overcome several unsettled challenges that current wearable power supply devices confront as a result of the distinctive dense intriguing nanostructures of hydrogels, which serve as an ideal candidate with durability and reliability for supplying power to truly wearable electronics. More importantly, benefiting from the broadly tunable physicochemical characterizations, the hydrogel electrolyte components with high ionic conductivity could possess several additional functions including ultrahigh stretchability, strong self-healability, and low-temperature tolerance, which qualifies these multifunctional supercapacitors for application in a variety of extreme working environments, especially in significant deformations caused by human-motion, conditions of applied destructive external force, and extremely frigid circumstances. Herein, the state-of-the-art advanced multifunctional supercapacitors are discussed, focusing on the introductions and explanations of particularly functionalized hydrogel electrolytes, ultra-flexible textile-based electrodes or hydrogel-based electrodes, and the combination strategies of electrolytes and electrodes.

具有优异机械性能的基于水凝胶的超级电容器可以克服当前可穿戴电源设备面临的几个悬而未决的挑战，因为水凝胶具有独特的致密迷人的纳米结构，是为真正可穿戴电子设备供电的理想候选者，具有耐用性和可靠性。更重要的是，受益于广泛可调的理化特性，具有高离子电导率的水凝胶电解质组分可以具有多种附加功能，包括超高拉伸性、强自愈性和低温耐受性，这使这些多功能超级电容器有资格应用于各种极端的工作环境，特别是在人为运动引起的显着变形中，施加破坏性外力的条件和极其寒冷的环境。本文讨论了最先进的先进多功能超级电容器，重点介绍和解释了特别功能化的水凝胶电解质、超柔性织物电极或水凝胶电极，以及电解质和电极的组合策略。