Abstract

The emergency response to sudden public health incident often encounters problems such as the long distance between the medical material supply node and the demand point or the destruction of key roads, which makes it difficult to transport materials directly to the disaster area by vehicles in time. Helicopters are increasingly being used to transport critical medical emergency resources, but it is not easy to distribute medical supplies through helicopter in large-scale public health incidents. In order to solve the above problems, a two-stage combined transportation method for medical supplies based on clustering is proposed in this paper. In the first stage, the quantum bacterial foraging (QBF) algorithm is used to select emergency transit points and divide the medical assistance points. In view of the imbalance of remaining capacity in QBF division, an improved division method (quantum bacterial foraging with capacity constraints (QBFwCC)) is proposed and a ‘helicopter–vehicle’ medical material combined transportation network structure is constructed in consideration of capacity constraints. In the second stage, a transportation route optimization model based on clustering is established to determine the specific transportation route from the emergency transit point to the medical assistance point. The performance of the method proposed in the paper was analyzed through experimental COVID-19 simulation and compared between QBF and QBFwCC. The results show that the method not only achieves the goal of optimization, but also effectively reduces the number of vehicles.

中文翻译：

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突发公共卫生事件医疗救助物资多式联运策略研究：基于COVID-19的案例研究

摘要

在突发公共卫生事件应急响应中，往往会遇到医疗物资供应节点与需求点距离过远或关键道路被破坏等问题，导致物资难以及时通过车辆直接运往灾区。直升机越来越多地被用于运送重要的医疗应急资源，但在大规模公共卫生事件中通过直升机分发医疗物资并不容易。针对上述问题，本文提出了一种基于聚类的医疗物资两级联运方法。第一阶段，利用量子细菌觅食（QBF）算法选择紧急中转点，划分医疗救助点。针对QBF划分剩余运力不平衡的问题，提出了一种改进的划分方法（带能力约束的量子细菌觅食（QBFwCC）），并构建了考虑运力约束的“直升机-车”医疗物资联合运输网络结构。第二阶段，建立基于聚类的运输路线优化模型，确定从紧急中转点到医疗救助点的具体运输路线。通过实验 COVID-19 模拟分析了论文中提出的方法的性能，并在 QBF 和 QBFwCC 之间进行了比较。结果表明，该方法不仅达到了优化的目的，而且有效地减少了车辆数量。提出了一种改进的划分方法（容量约束的量子细菌觅食（QBFwCC）），并在考虑容量约束的情况下构建了“直升机-车辆”医疗物资联合运输网络结构。第二阶段，建立基于聚类的运输路线优化模型，确定从紧急中转点到医疗救助点的具体运输路线。通过实验 COVID-19 模拟分析了论文中提出的方法的性能，并在 QBF 和 QBFwCC 之间进行了比较。结果表明，该方法不仅达到了优化的目的，而且有效地减少了车辆数量。提出了一种改进的划分方法（容量约束的量子细菌觅食（QBFwCC）），并在考虑容量约束的情况下构建了“直升机-车辆”医疗物资联合运输网络结构。第二阶段，建立基于聚类的运输路线优化模型，确定从紧急中转点到医疗救助点的具体运输路线。通过实验 COVID-19 模拟分析了论文中提出的方法的性能，并在 QBF 和 QBFwCC 之间进行了比较。结果表明，该方法不仅达到了优化的目的，而且有效地减少了车辆数量。