Abstract Understanding the prevalence and dissemination of bacterial pathogens such as Yersinia pestis, the bacterial agent of plague, is key to identifying the origins and demographic impact of historic pandemic episodes and mitigating future risk. Climate may influence the spread of Yersinia pestis through impact upon bacterial, vector, and rodent host populations prior to human infection. Large climate-forcing volcanic eruptions have the potential to influence global climate for several years following the eruption with evidence increasingly suggesting that, through oceanic feedback mechanisms, some eruptions can influence climate for decades to centuries. This article assesses the potential mechanistic links between some of the largest volcanic eruptions of the Common Era and the three recorded plague pandemics. The article uses proxy records of climate and volcanic forcing along with historic data to suggest mechanisms by which each of the pandemic episodes may have been influenced by volcanism. Commonalities between the pandemic episodes are surprisingly rare, but it is suggested that the influence of volcanism on climate may be an important factor and may aid in understanding the complex array of factors which caused plague pandemics.

中文翻译：

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火山活动和全球瘟疫流行：走向跨学科综合

摘要 了解鼠疫杆菌等细菌病原体的流行和传播，是确定历史大流行事件的起源和人口影响以及减轻未来风险的关键。气候可能通过在人类感染之前对细菌、媒介和啮齿动物宿主种群的影响来影响鼠疫耶尔森菌的传播。大型气候强迫火山喷发有可能在喷发后的几年内影响全球气候，越来越多的证据表明，通过海洋反馈机制，一些火山喷发可以影响气候数十年到数百年。本文评估了共同时代一些最大的火山爆发与三个记录的鼠疫大流行之间的潜在机制联系。这篇文章使用气候和火山强迫的代理记录以及历史数据来建议每个大流行事件可能受到火山活动影响的机制。大流行事件之间的共同点出奇地罕见，但有人认为火山活动对气候的影响可能是一个重要因素，并可能有助于了解导致瘟疫大流行的一系列复杂因素。