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Imagining and mapping the end of an empire: Oskar Spate and the partition of India and Pakistan
Journal of Historical Geography ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2019.07.005
Hannah Fitzpatrick

Abstract In July 1947, the British government of India convened two boundary commissions for the purpose of partitioning the colony into two independent nation states: India and Pakistan. Despite the volume of scholarly work on partition, little attention has been paid to its geographies. This paper addresses this lacuna in two ways: first, by inserting a geographical account into wider historiographical narratives of partition through cartographic-visual analysis and the application of geographical literature. Second, by bringing some of the themes and theoretical contributions from literature on partition into a geographical framework by highlighting the ways in which technical geographical terminology and boundary making practices were used for the political purpose of claiming territory. The paper pursues both of these aims through a biographical approach, examining in detail the unexamined papers of the British geographer Oskar Spate and his minor yet revealing involvement in the Punjab Boundary Commission hearings of July 1947. The paper argues that a territorial divide was unable to resolve the tensions that lay at the heart of the process of partition. This was not simply because geographical expertise was disregarded, but because geographical knowledge and analysis could not provide an adequate solution to the problem of overlapping yet ideologically distinct imagined territorial homelands. The paper thus points to the varied and ambiguous role that maps and mapping played in post-war sites and projects of decolonisation.

中文翻译:

想象和描绘一个帝国的终结:Oskar Spate 和印度和巴基斯坦的分裂

摘要 1947 年 7 月,印度英国政府召集了两个边界委员会,目的是将殖民地划分为两个独立的民族国家:印度和巴基斯坦。尽管有大量关于分区的学术工作,但很少有人关注它的地理。本文以两种方式解决了这一缺陷:首先,通过制图视觉分析和地理文献的应用,将地理描述插入到更广泛的历史分区叙述中。其次,通过强调技术地理术语和边界制定实践用于声称领土的政治目的的方式,将有关分区的文献中的一些主题和理论贡献引入地理框架。该论文通过传记方法追求这两个目标,详细审查了英国地理学家 Oskar Spate 及其未成年人但揭示参与 1947 年 7 月旁遮普边界委员会听证会的未经审查的论文。 该论文认为领土鸿沟无法解决处于分裂过程核心的紧张局势。这不仅是因为忽略了地理专业知识,还因为地理知识和分析无法为重叠但意识形态不同的想象领土问题提供适当的解决方案。因此,这篇论文指出了地图和制图在战后遗址和非殖民化项目中所扮演的不同而模糊的角色。详细审查了英国地理学家 Oskar Spate 和他的未成年人未经审查的文件,但揭示了参与 1947 年 7 月旁遮普边界委员会听证会的情况。该文件认为,领土分歧无法解决处于这一进程核心的紧张局势。划分。这不仅是因为忽略了地理专业知识,还因为地理知识和分析无法为重叠但意识形态不同的想象领土问题提供适当的解决方案。因此,这篇论文指出了地图和制图在战后遗址和非殖民化项目中所扮演的不同而模糊的角色。详细审查了英国地理学家 Oskar Spate 和他的未成年人未经审查的文件,但揭示了参与 1947 年 7 月旁遮普边界委员会听证会的情况。该文件认为,领土分歧无法解决处于这一进程核心的紧张局势。划分。这不仅是因为忽略了地理专业知识,还因为地理知识和分析无法为重叠但意识形态不同的想象领土问题提供适当的解决方案。因此,这篇论文指出了地图和制图在战后遗址和非殖民化项目中所扮演的不同而模糊的角色。该论文认为,领土分裂无法解决处于分裂过程核心的紧张局势。这不仅是因为忽略了地理专业知识,还因为地理知识和分析无法为重叠但意识形态不同的想象领土问题提供适当的解决方案。因此,这篇论文指出了地图和制图在战后遗址和非殖民化项目中所扮演的不同而模糊的角色。该论文认为,领土分裂无法解决处于分裂过程核心的紧张局势。这不仅是因为忽略了地理专业知识,还因为地理知识和分析无法为重叠但意识形态不同的想象领土问题提供适当的解决方案。因此,这篇论文指出了地图和制图在战后遗址和非殖民化项目中所扮演的不同而模糊的角色。
更新日期:2019-10-01
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