How can consumers of psychotherapies, including practitioners, students, and clients, best appraise the merits of therapies, especially those that are largely or entirely untested? We propose that clinicians, patients, and other consumers should be especially skeptical of interventions that have been substantially overhyped and overpromoted. To that end, we offer a provisional “Psychotherapy Hype Checklist,” which consists of 19 warning signs suggesting that an intervention’s efficacy and effectiveness have been substantially exaggerated. We hope that this checklist will foster a sense of healthy self-doubt in practitioners and assist them to become more discerning consumers of the bewildering psychotherapy marketplace. This checklist should also be useful in identifying the overhyping of well-established treatments.

中文翻译：

---

如何发现心理治疗领域的炒作：19 项清单。

心理疗法的消费者，包括从业者、学生和客户，如何才能最好地评价疗法的优点，尤其是那些很大程度上或完全未经测试的疗法？我们建议临床医生、患者和其他消费者应该特别怀疑被过度炒作和过度宣传的干预措施。为此，我们提供了一个临时的“心理治疗炒作清单”，其中包含 19 个警告信号，表明干预的功效和有效性被大大夸大了。我们希望这份清单能够在从业者中培养一种健康的自我怀疑意识，并帮助他们成为令人眼花缭乱的心理治疗市场中更挑剔的消费者。该清单还应有助于识别完善的治疗方法的过度炒作。