Abstract The effect of the non-covalent modification of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) by a carboxylated ionic liquid (IL), 1-carboxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfony)imide (CMI), on the polymer–filler interactions, filler dispersion, thermal stability, mechanical and dielectric properties of polychloroprene (CR)/MWCNT composites were studied. The better dispersion of MWCNT in CR was attributed to the “cation-π” interaction and π–π stacking between MWCNT and CMI, and other possible intermolecular interactions related to carboxyl groups on MWCNT and CMI. After the introduction of CMI into CR/MWCNT composites, the Payne effect became more pronounced as evidenced by nonlinear viscoelasticity test. After the addition of 16 phr CMI into CR/MWCNT (100/8) composite, the storage modulus greatly increased from 277 MPa to the maximum value of 389 MPa. Meanwhile, the tensile strength increased from 12.5 to 18.2 MPa, and the elongation at break increased from 411% to 464%. This improvement in mechanical properties was accounted from stronger polymer–filler interactions and the plasticizing effect arising from CMI. The presence of CMI ions as permanent dipole and the less possibility for MWCNT to aggregate together gave rise to a big increment in permittivity of CR/MWCNT composites.

中文翻译：

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通过羧化离子液体的非共价官能化改善聚氯丁二烯/羧化多壁碳纳米管复合材料的填料分散性

摘要 羧化多壁碳纳米管 (MWCNT) 被羧化离子液体 (IL)、1-羧乙基-3-甲基咪唑鎓双(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺 (CMI) 非共价改性对聚合物填料的影响研究了聚氯丁二烯 (CR)/MWCNT 复合材料的相互作用、填料分散、热稳定性、机械和介电性能。MWCNT 在 CR 中更好的分散归因于 MWCNT 和 CMI 之间的“阳离子-π”相互作用和 π-π 堆积，以及与 MWCNT 和 CMI 上的羧基相关的其他可能的分子间相互作用。将 CMI 引入 CR/MWCNT 复合材料后，非线性粘弹性测试证明佩恩效应变得更加明显。在 CR/MWCNT (100/8) 复合材料中加入 16 份 CMI 后，储能模量从 277 MPa 大幅增加到最大值 389 MPa。同时，拉伸强度从12.5 MPa提高到18.2 MPa，断裂伸长率从411%提高到464%。机械性能的这种改进归因于更强的聚合物-填料相互作用和 CMI 产生的增塑效果。CMI 离子作为永久偶极子的存在和 MWCNT 聚集在一起的可能性较小，导致 CR/MWCNT 复合材料的介电常数大幅增加。