The core question that this article addresses is how the Darwinian evolutionary process of random mutation and natural selection relates to God’s character, especially as portrayed in the Christian tradition. The main challenge is that the process of random mutation and natural selection generally favours well-adapted individuals, whereas, in the Christian tradition, God is said to favour the weak and poor. I first spell out the problem in more detail and explain how it is different from other problems regarding the evolutionary process and God’s character that can be found in the philosophical and theological literature. Subsequently, I draw attention to various misunderstandings, especially about the nature of Darwinian evolution. Doing so weakens the tension between Darwinian evolution and God’s character, but does not provide a satisfactory solution. I therefore move on to discuss six attempts to solve the problem and argue that each of them is seriously wanting. Finally, I propose three lines of reasoning that jointly constitute a sufficiently plausible solution to the problem.

中文翻译：

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进化与上帝的性格相冲突吗？

本文解决的核心问题是随机突变和自然选择的达尔文进化过程如何与上帝的性格相关，尤其是在基督教传统中所描绘的。主要的挑战是随机突变和自然选择的过程通常偏爱适应良好的个体，而在基督教传统中，据说上帝偏爱弱者和穷人。我首先更详细地阐述了这个问题，并解释了它与哲学和神学文献中关于进化过程和上帝性格的其他问题有何不同。随后，我提请注意各种误解，特别是关于达尔文进化论的本质。这样做会削弱达尔文进化论和上帝性格之间的紧张关系，但没有提供令人满意的解决方案。因此，我继续讨论解决问题的六种尝试，并认为它们中的每一种都是非常想要的。最后，我提出了三个推理思路，它们共同构成了一个足够合理的问题解决方案。