The paper presents the efficiency evaluation of forest districts in Southern Poland carried out using the standard Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) which is a nonparametric mathematical programming technique. The study aims to evaluate the efficiency and identify the external factors affecting the efficiency of forest districts by using the Tobit econometric model. The study was conducted for 113 forest districts in four Regional Directorates of State Forests (in Katowice, Kraków, Krosno and Wrocław) and covered the period from 2008 to 2012. The results show differences in the use of economic and financial resources by the analysed forest districts. Lowland forest districts were more efficient that highland ones, both in terms of financial efficiency and efficiency of economic resources. In addition, efficiency was significantly influenced by various exogenous factors, depending on the category of forest districts. The analysis showed that financial efficiency of lowland forest districts was significantly influenced by population density, with negative effects on economic performance. In turn, efficiency of economic resources in this group was significantly negatively influenced by the number of forest complexes and population density. In the case of the highland forest districts, their financial efficiency was positively influenced by the number of forest complexes and negatively influenced by the area of nature reserves. However, efficiency of economic resources of the highland forest districts was not affected by any of these factors. The combination of the DEA method with the Tobit econometric model appears to be a valuable and useful tool for identifying factors affecting the efficiency of forest districts.

本文介绍了使用标准数据包络分析 (DEA) 进行的波兰南部林区效率评估，这是一种非参数数学规划技术。本研究旨在通过使用 Tobit 计量经济模型评估效率并识别影响林区效率的外部因素。该研究针对 4 个国家森林区域局（卡托维兹、克拉科夫、克罗斯诺和弗罗茨瓦夫）的 113 个林区进行，涵盖了 2008 年至 2012 年期间。结果显示所分析的森林在使用经济和金融资源方面存在差异区。在财政效率和经济资源效率方面，低地林区比高地林区更有效率。此外，效率受各种外生因素的显着影响，取决于林区的类别。分析表明，低地林区的财政效率受人口密度的显着影响，对经济绩效产生负面影响。反过来，该组的经济资源效率受到森林复合体数量和人口密度的显着负面影响。就高原林区而言，它们的财政效率受到森林复合体数量的积极影响，而受到自然保护区面积的消极影响。然而，高原林区的经济资源效率不受这些因素的影响。