Commonly proven abnormalities in the structure and functioning of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are related to cognitive deficits in children with ADHD. The purpose of the randomized controlled study was to assess the efficacy of intervention using hemoencephalographic biofeedback (HEG BFB) in PFC in ADHD and neurotypical children. The final cohort consisted of 120 children aged 9–15 years, including 60 children with ADHD. The individuals were randomized in 10 HEG BFB or physical activity (PA) training sessions. Children with ADHD exhibited lower cognitive capacity in terms of vigilance, visual search, multitasking, inhibitory control and working memory compared to neurotypical children. The performance of children with ADHD and neurotypical children in cognitive functions improved under the influence of HEG BFB (the PA training did not have a statistically significant impact on the results). The important gain predictors in HEG BFB involved: intrinsic motivation, internal locus of control and positive mood.

中文翻译：

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HEG 生物反馈对选定认知功能的影响——多动症儿童和神经典型儿童的随机研究

前额叶皮层 (PFC) 结构和功能的常见异常与 ADHD 儿童的认知缺陷有关。随机对照研究的目的是评估使用血脑图生物反馈 (HEG BFB) 干预 ADHD 和神经典型儿童 PFC 的效果。最后一个队列由 120 名 9-15 岁的儿童组成，其中包括 60 名患有多动症的儿童。这些人被随机分配到 10 次 HEG BFB 或身体活动 (PA) 训练课程中。与神经型儿童相比，ADHD 儿童在警惕性、视觉搜索、多任务处理、抑制控制和工作记忆方面的认知能力较低。在HEG BFB的影响下，ADHD儿童和神经型儿童在认知功能方面的表现得到改善（PA训练对结果没有统计学上的显着影响）。HEG BFB 中重要的增益预测因素包括：内在动机、内部控制点和积极情绪。