ABSTRACT: Climate change is rapidly altering the distributions of species and the composition of communities that have evolved over evolutionary time scales. Quantifying changes in species distributions and abundance in response to warming is critical to understanding how these changes modify structure, function and services provided by recipient communities. Changes in size structure of warm- and cool-affiliated species is an important indicator for climate-driven species redistributions over time, and has received relatively little attention. We quantified changes in length and biomass distributions of 25 species of Labridae fishes from 112 sites spanning 2000 km across a warm-cool temperate transition zone in south Western Australia. Length and biomass data were collected in 2005-2006 and 2014-2015 using diver operated stereo-video. In the decade between sampling events, south Western Australia experienced an extreme marine heatwave followed by repeated summers of anomalously warm ocean temperatures. Biomass of tropical and subtropical species increased 10-fold and 3-fold, respectively, between 2006 and 2015, whereas temperate species biomass remained relatively stable. In 2014-2015, the abundance and biomass of tropical species (e.g. Scarus ghobban) increased in the warmest regions and established multiple size classes poleward of their recorded 2005-2006 distributions, suggesting successful overwintering and recruitment where viable populations were not recorded in 2005-2006. Large, slow-growing temperate species such as Achoerodus gouldii and Bodianus frenchii decreased in small and medium size classes in warm regions. Our findings report a substantial change in the size structure and composition of labrid assemblages over a decade of climatic variability.

中文翻译：

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在澳大利亚西南部温带地区成功建立范围转移的温水兔科

摘要：气候变化正在迅速改变在进化时间尺度上进化的物种分布和群落组成。量化物种分布和丰度响应变暖的变化对于了解这些变化如何改变受援社区提供的结构、功能和服务至关重要。暖冷系物种大小结构的变化是气候驱动物种随时间重新分布的重要指标，但相对较少受到关注。我们量化了来自澳大利亚西南部暖冷温带过渡区 2000 公里的 112 个地点的 25 种唇科鱼类的长度和生物量分布的变化。长度和生物量数据是在 2005-2006 年和 2014-2015 年使用潜水员操作的立体视频收集的。在采样事件之间的十年中，澳大利亚西南部经历了极端的海洋热浪，随后是反复出现异常温暖海洋温度的夏季。热带和亚热带物种的生物量在 2006 年至 2015 年间分别增加了 10 倍和 3 倍，而温带物种的生物量保持相对稳定。2014-2015 年，热带物种（如Scarus ghobban ) 在最温暖的地区增加，并建立了与 2005-2006 年记录分布相反的多个大小等级，表明在 2005-2006 年未记录可存活种群的情况下成功越冬和补充。大型、生长缓慢的温带物种，如Achoerodus gouldii和Bodianus frenchii，在温暖地区的中小型等级中减少。我们的研究结果报告说，在十年的气候变化中，labrid 组合的大小结构和组成发生了重大变化。