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Mimicking the gravitational effect with gradient index lenses in geometrical optics
Photonics Research ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-08 , DOI: 10.1364/prj.418787
Wen Xiao 1 , Sicen Tao 1 , Huanyang Chen 1
Affiliation  

General relativity establishes the equality between matter-energy density and the Riemann curvature of spacetime. Therefore, light or matter will be bent or trapped when passing near the massive celestial objects, and Newton’s second law fails to explain it. The gravitational effect is not only extensively studied in astronomy but also attracts a great deal of interest in the field of optics. People have mimicked black holes, Einstein’s ring, and other fascinating effects in diverse optical systems. Here, with a gradient index lens, in the geometrical optics regime, we mimic the Schwarzschild precession in the orbit of the star S2 near the Galactic Center massive black hole, which was recently first detected by European Southern Observatory. We also find other series of gradient index lenses that can be used to mimic the possible Reissner–Nordström metric of Einstein’s field equation and dark matter particle motion. Light rays in such gradient lenses will be closed in some cases, while in other cases it would be trapped by the center or keep dancing around the center. Our work presents an efficient toy model to help investigate some complex celestial behaviors, which may require long period detection by using high-precision astronomical tools. The induced gradient lenses enlightened by the gravitational effect also enrich the family of absolute optical instruments for their selective closed trajectories.

中文翻译:

在几何光学中用梯度折射率透镜模拟引力效应

广义相对论建立了物质能量密度和时空黎曼曲率之间的相等性。因此,光或物质在靠近大质量天体时会被弯曲或困住,而牛顿第二定律无法解释。引力效应不仅在天文学中得到广泛研究,而且在光学领域也引起了极大的兴趣。人们已经在不同的光学系统中模拟了黑洞、爱因斯坦环和其他迷人的效果。在这里,使用梯度折射率透镜,在几何光学范围内,我们模拟了银河系中心大质量黑洞附近恒星 S2 轨道上的施瓦西岁差,这是欧洲南方天文台最近首次探测到的。我们还发现了其他系列的梯度折射率透镜,可用于模拟爱因斯坦场方程和暗物质粒子运动的可能的 Reissner-Nordström 度量。这种渐变透镜中的光线在某些情况下会被关闭,而在其他情况下,它会被中心捕获或继续绕着中心跳舞。我们的工作提出了一种有效的玩具模型,以帮助研究一些复杂的天体行为,这些行为可能需要使用高精度天文工具进行长期检测。受引力效应启发的诱导梯度透镜也丰富了绝对光学仪器系列,因为它们具有选择性的闭合轨迹。而在其他情况下,它会被中心困住或继续绕着中心跳舞。我们的工作提出了一种有效的玩具模型,以帮助研究一些复杂的天体行为,这些行为可能需要使用高精度天文工具进行长期检测。受引力效应启发的诱导梯度透镜也丰富了绝对光学仪器系列,因为它们具有选择性的闭合轨迹。而在其他情况下,它会被中心困住或继续绕着中心跳舞。我们的工作提出了一种有效的玩具模型,以帮助研究一些复杂的天体行为,这些行为可能需要使用高精度天文工具进行长期检测。受引力效应启发的诱导梯度透镜也丰富了绝对光学仪器系列,因为它们具有选择性的闭合轨迹。
更新日期:2021-07-02
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