Solitons are self-sustaining particle-like wave packets found throughout nature. Optical systems such as optical fibers and mode-locked lasers are relatively simple, are technologically important, and continue to play a major role in our understanding of the rich nonlinear dynamics of solitons. Here we present theoretical and experimental observations of a new class of optical soliton characterized by pulses with large and positive chirp in normal dispersion resonators with strong spectral filtering. Numerical simulations reveal several stable waveforms including dissipative solitons characterized by large frequency chirp. In experiments with fiber cavities driven with nanosecond pulses, chirped dissipative solitons matching predictions are observed. Remarkably, chirped pulses remain stable in low quality-factor resonators despite large dissipation, which enables new opportunities for nonlinear pattern formation. By extending pulse generation to normal dispersion systems and supporting higher pulse energies, chirped dissipative solitons will enable ultrashort pulse and frequency comb sources that are simpler and more effective for spectroscopy, communications, and metrology. Scaling laws are derived to provide simple design guidelines for generating chirped dissipative solitons in microresonator, fiber resonator, and bulk enhancement cavity platforms.

中文翻译：

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驱动光学谐振器中的啁啾耗散孤子


孤子是自然界中常见的自维持粒子状波包。光纤和锁模激光器等光学系统相对简单，在技术上很重要，并且在我们理解孤子丰富的非线性动力学方面继续发挥着重要作用。在这里，我们提出了对一类新型光学孤子的理论和实验观察，其特征是在具有强光谱滤波的正常色散谐振器中具有大且正的线性调频脉冲。数值模拟揭示了几种稳定的波形，包括以大频率啁啾为特征的耗散孤子。在用纳秒脉冲驱动光纤腔的实验中，观察到与预测匹配的啁啾耗散孤子。值得注意的是，尽管耗散很大，啁啾脉冲在低品质因数谐振器中仍然保持稳定，这为非线性图案形成提供了新的机会。通过将脉冲生成扩展到正常色散系统并支持更高的脉冲能量，啁啾耗散孤子将使超短脉冲和频率梳源成为可能，对于光谱学、通信和计量学来说更简单、更有效。推导出比例定律，为在微谐振器、光纤谐振器和体增强腔平台中生成啁啾耗散孤子提供简单的设计指南。