Both landfill leachate and sewage sludge are complex mixtures of many potentially toxic substances in unknown and unpredictable amounts and concentrations. Both types of matrices can pose a risk to human health and the functioning of ecosystems if released into the environment. Therefore, constant monitoring of the toxicity of these mixtures is necessary. However, traditional methods of analysis of sewage sludge/landfill leachate are mainly based on physicochemical studies that do not fully reflect the effects of these mixtures on living organisms. For this purpose, research based on biological models, including mammalian, mainly human, cells is recommended and increasingly implemented. A variety of cytotoxicity tests, based on various metabolic transformations in living cells, are a very useful tool in landfill leachate/sewage sludge toxicology studies. This paper reviews the methods used in the study of the cytotoxicity of environmental matrices and the cell lines used in these studies as biological models.

中文翻译：

---

人类细胞培养，一种评估垃圾渗滤液/污水污泥毒性的相关体外模型。回顾

垃圾渗滤液和污水污泥都是许多未知和不可预测数量和浓度的潜在有毒物质的复杂混合物。如果释放到环境中，这两种类型的基质都会对人类健康和生态系统的功能构成风险。因此，有必要持续监测这些混合物的毒性。然而，传统的污水污泥/垃圾渗滤液分析方法主要基于物理化学研究，不能完全反映这些混合物对生物体的影响。为此，建议并越来越多地实施基于生物模型的研究，包括哺乳动物，主要是人类细胞。各种细胞毒性试验，基于活细胞中的各种代谢转化，是垃圾渗滤液/污水污泥毒理学研究中非常有用的工具。本文回顾了环境基质细胞毒性研究中使用的方法以及这些研究中用作生物模型的细胞系。